{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T08:25:37Z","timestamp":1759047937790,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,5]],"date-time":"2007-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interferons (IFNs) are used widely in the treatment of viral infections, tumours and neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the endogenous expressions of various IFN-induced compounds [specifically: neopterin (NPT), beta2microglobulin (\u03b22mg) and 2\u20135 oligoadenylate synthetase (2\u20135 OAS)] in patients with various chronic diseases requiring treatment with IFN type I. The results showed that patients with such chronic diseases as hepatitis C virus-associated type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC), chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are characterized by different activations of the IFN system. Furthermore, the interindividual variability in baseline levels of IFN-induced biomarkers was higher in patients with chronic diseases than in healthy individuals. When levels of the above biomarkers were measured 24\u2003h after the first injection of IFN in patients with CHC or RRMS, significant increases in expression levels of IFN-induced compounds were recorded but, again, there is a broad range of variability in the degree of increase. Further, a significant inverse correlation between baseline levels of NPT, \u03b22mg and 2\u20135 OAS activity and their relative increases after IFN administration was found in patients with CHC or RRMS. Together, the results are consistent with the observation that there is considerable interindividual heterogeneity in the clinical response to IFNs, which suggests that host factors other than disease markers must be taken into account in order to manage and optimize the IFN therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03280.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T14:29:54Z","timestamp":1281623394000},"page":"270-276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Expression of biomarkers of interferon type I in patients suffering from chronic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Scagnolari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Virology Section, University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Bellomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Virology Section, University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Trombetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Virology Section, University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Casato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Carlesimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Bagnato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Branch, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Lavolpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious and Tropical Disease, IRCCS S. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Millefiorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Girardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u2018L. 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