{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:28:26Z","timestamp":1791268106304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,26]],"date-time":"2007-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1169769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>\u03b2-Glucans are glucose polymers with a variety of stimulatory effects on the immune system. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of prophylactic oral administration of soluble Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived \u03b2-1,3\/1,6-glucan (SBG) on the outcome of experimental endotoxaemia and shock-associated organ injury. Male Wistar rats were pretreated with SBG orally (SBGpo, 20\u2003mg\/kg\/day) for 14\u2003days, subcutaneously (SBGsc, 2\u2003mg\/kg\/day) for 3\u2003days, or vehicle (placebo). Rats were anaesthetized and subjected to endotoxaemia by intravenous infusion of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (6\u2003mg\/kg) or saline infusion (sham). We observed significant levels of plasma \u03b2-glucan in the SBGpo group (P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030\u00b75), although the SBGsc group had levels approximately 40-fold higher despite a 10-fold lower dose. SBG prophylaxis caused enhanced blood pressure recovery following LPS-induced blood pressure collapse. Oral treatment with SBG attenuated the LPS-induced rise in plasma creatinine levels (P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030\u00b705), indicating protection against renal injury. SBG also attenuated the plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (SBGpo, P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030\u00b701; SBGsc, P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030\u00b701), indicating protection against LPS-induced hepatic injury. A moderate increase in baseline interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 levels was observed in the SBGsc group (P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030\u00b705). In the LPS-challenged rats, plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines was moderately reduced in both SBG-treated groups compared to placebo. SBG treatment, particularly oral administration, had a striking effect on the haemodynamics of LPS-treated rats, although only a minute fraction of the orally administered \u03b2-glucan translocated to the circulation. Enhanced organ perfusion may thus be responsible for the attenuated levels of indicators of kidney and liver injury seen in SBG-treated rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03320.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,5]],"date-time":"2010-08-05T17:50:26Z","timestamp":1281030626000},"page":"168-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Oral and systemic administration of \u03b2-glucan protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced shock and organ injury in rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Sandvik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Institute of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y Y","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Surgical Research, Faculty Division Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H C","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Institute of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A O","family":"Aasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Surgical Research, Faculty Division Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Centre, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J E","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Centre, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F-E","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Institute of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010414514268400_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107000-00002","article-title":"Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care","volume":"29","author":"Angus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2022010414514268400_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2005.03.007","article-title":"Protective effect of beta-glucan against oxidative organ injury in a rat model of sepsis","volume":"5","author":"Sener","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"2022010414514268400_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-005-2629-x","article-title":"Protective effect of beta-glucan on lung injury after cecal ligation and puncture in rats","volume":"31","author":"Babayigit","year":"2005","journal-title":"Intens Care Med"},{"key":"2022010414514268400_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.1.244-252.1999","article-title":"Modulation of endotoxin- and enterotoxin-induced cytokine release by in vivo treatment with beta-(1,6)-branched beta-(1,3)-glucan","volume":"67","author":"Soltys","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010414514268400_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.1999.99058","article-title":"Inhibiting early activation of tissue nuclear factor-kappa B and nuclear factor interleukin 6 with (1\u21923)-beta-D-glucan increases long-term survival in polymicrobial sepsis","volume":"126","author":"Williams","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2022010414514268400_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.4.1642-1647.1992","article-title":"Anti-infective effect of poly-beta 1-6-glucotriosyl-beta 1-3-glucopyranose glucan in vivo","volume":"60","author":"Onderdonk","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010414514268400_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02927.x","article-title":"Dynamics of blood components and peritoneal fluid during treatment of murine E. coli sepsis with beta-1,3-D-polyglucose derivatives. 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