{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T23:48:21Z","timestamp":1791157701495,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,23]],"date-time":"2007-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1187827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin is an important regulator of appetite and energy expenditure and is now appreciated for its ability to control innate and adaptive immune responses. We have reported previously that the leptin-deficient ob\/ob mouse exhibited increased susceptibility to the Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this report we assessed the impact of chronic leptin deficiency, using ob\/ob mice, on pneumococcal pneumonia and examined whether restoring circulating leptin to physiological levels in vivo could improve host defences against this pathogen. We observed that ob\/ob mice, compared with wild-type (WT) animals, exhibited enhanced lethality and reduced pulmonary bacterial clearance following Streptococcus pneumoniae challenge. These impairments in host defence in ob\/ob mice were associated with elevated levels of lung tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, macrophage inflammatory peptide (MIP)-2 [correction added after online publication 28 September 2007: definition of MIP corrected], prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), lung neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) counts, defective alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytosis and PMN killing of S. pneumoniae in vitro. Exogenous leptin administration to ob\/ob mice in vivo improved survival and greatly improved pulmonary bacterial clearance, reduced bacteraemia, reconstituted AM phagocytosis and PMN H2O2 production and killing of S. pneumoniae in vitro. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that leptin improves pulmonary bacterial clearance and survival in ob\/ob mice during pneumococcal pneumonia. Further investigations are warranted to determine whether there is a potential therapeutic role for this adipokine in immunocompromised patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2007.03491.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T10:19:56Z","timestamp":1281608396000},"page":"332-339","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Leptin improves pulmonary bacterial clearance and survival in\n                    <i>ob\/ob<\/i>\n                    mice during pneumococcal pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D M","family":"Aronoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Phipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Mancuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010406284622900_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/372425a0","article-title":"Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue","volume":"372","author":"Zhang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022010406284622900_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118206","article-title":"Expression of ob mRNA and its encoded protein in rodents. 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