{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:15:43Z","timestamp":1792703743051,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,2]],"date-time":"2012-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Pulmonary oedema is a hallmark of acute lung injury (ALI), consisting of various degrees of water and proteins. Physiologically, sodium enters through apical sodium channels (ENaC) and is extruded basolaterally by a sodium\u2013potassium\u2013adenosine\u2013triphosphatase pump (Na+\/K+-ATPase). Water follows to maintain iso-osmolar conditions and to keep alveoli dry. We postulated that the volatile anaesthetic sevoflurane would impact oedema resolution positively in an in-vitro and in-vivo model of ALI. Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECII) and mixed alveolar epithelial cells (mAEC) were stimulated with 20\u2003\u00b5g\/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and co-exposed to sevoflurane for 8\u2003h. In-vitro active sodium transport via ENaC and Na+\/K+-ATPase was determined, assessing 22sodium and 86rubidium influx, respectively. Intratracheally applied LPS (150\u2003\u00b5g) was used for the ALI in rats under sevoflurane or propofol anaesthesia (8\u2003h). Oxygenation index (PaO2\/FiO2) was calculated and lung oedema assessed determining lung wet\/dry ratio. In AECII LPS decreased activity of ENaC and Na+\/K+-ATPase by 17\u00b74%\u2003\u00b1\u200313\u00b73% standard deviation and 16\u00b72%\u2003\u00b1\u200313\u00b71%, respectively. These effects were reversible in the presence of sevoflurane. Significant better oxygenation was observed with an increase of PaO2\/FiO2 from 189\u2003\u00b1\u2003142\u2003mmHg to 454\u2003\u00b1\u200325\u2003mmHg after 8\u2003h in the sevoflurane\/LPS compared to the propofol\/LPS group. The wet\/dry ratio in sevoflurane\/LPS was reduced by 21\u00b76%\u2003\u00b1\u20032\u00b73% in comparison to propofol\/LPS-treated animals. Sevoflurane has a stimulating effect on ENaC and Na+\/K+-ATPase in vitro in LPS-injured AECII. In-vivo experiments, however, give strong evidence that sevoflurane does not affect water reabsorption and oedema resolution, but possibly oedema formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2012.04562.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]],"date-time":"2012-01-06T06:37:33Z","timestamp":1325831853000},"page":"125-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Sevoflurane reduces severity of acute lung injury possibly by impairing formation of alveolar oedema"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Schl\u00e4pfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A C","family":"Leutert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Voigtsberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R A","family":"Lachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Booy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Beck-Schimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122708380716600_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050333","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of acute lung injury","volume":"353","author":"Rubenfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122708380716600_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(67)90168-7","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress in adults","volume":"2","author":"Ashbaugh","year":"1967","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122708380716600_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.1.54","article-title":"Effect of mechanical ventilation on inflammatory mediators in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"282","author":"Ranieri","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2021122708380716600_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199802053380602","article-title":"Effect of a protective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"338","author":"Amato","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122708380716600_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200003000-00027","article-title":"Isoflurane\u2013sevoflurane adminstration before ischemia attenuates ischemia\u2013reperfusion-induced injury in isolated rat lungs","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2021122708380716600_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605303342201","article-title":"Aerosolized surfactant in adults with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. 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