{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T01:17:52Z","timestamp":1771636672037,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]],"date-time":"2004-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1094169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>objective\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold> To investigate the role of IGF\u20101 on intima\u2013media thickness (IMT) at common carotid arteries by Doppler ultrasonography.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>subjects\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold> Thirty\u2010nine patients (17 women, 22 men, aged 25\u201370\u00a0years) with severe GH deficiency (GHD), 19 with normal and 20 with low IGF\u20101 levels, and 39 sex\u2010, age\u2010 and body mass index (BMI)\u2010matched healthy controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>results\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold> Patients with GHD showed abnormalities in lipid profile, and increased fibrinogen levels, mean IMT (0\u00b788\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b726 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0\u00b769\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b714\u00a0mm, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001), and systolic and diastolic peak velocity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001) compared to controls. Eight patients (18%) and one control (2\u00b71%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b704) had well\u2010defined plaques. In controls, but not in patients with GHD, mean carotid IMT was correlated with age (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b778, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001). In both controls (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120\u00b782; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b70001) and patients with GHD (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120\u00b784, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt; 0\u00b70001), serum IGF\u20101 levels were inversely correlated with mean IMT at common carotid arteries. At the stepwise multiple regression, the variables most significantly related to IMT in GH\u2010deficient patients were total cholesterol levels (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05\u00b72, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001), followed by disease duration (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02\u00b74, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b702), while in controls the variables most significantly related to IMT were IGF\u20101 levels (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22129\u00b79, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001), followed by low density lipoprotein (LDL)\u2010cholesterol levels (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22122\u00b73, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b702). Compared to patients with normal IGF\u20101 levels, those with low IGF\u20101 levels had lower high density lipoprotein (HDL)\u2010cholesterol levels (1\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b72 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 1\u00b73\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b72\u00a0mmol\/l, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b70002), and higher glucose (54\u00b73\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00b71 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 48\u00b79\u00a0\u00b1 5\u00b79\u00a0mmol\/l, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7008), insulin (25\u00b72\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00b78 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 18\u00b78\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00b70 mUl\/l, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7004), total cholesterol (7\u00b71\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00b71 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 4\u00b79\u00a0\u00b1 0\u00b76\u00a0mmol\/l, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b70001), total\/HDL\u2010cholesterol ratio (7\u00b72\u00a0\u00b1 1\u00b78 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 3\u00b79\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b77, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b70001), fibrinogen levels (319\u00b78 \u00b1 56\u00b79 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 241\u00b78\u00a0\u00b1\u00a053\u00b70\u00a0mg\/dl, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b70001) and mean IMT at common carotid arteries (1\u00b705\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b725 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0\u00b769\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b707 mm, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b70001). Atherosclerotic plaques were found only in GH\u2010deficient patients with low IGF\u20101 levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>conclusions\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold> GH\u2010deficient patients have alterations in lipid profile with an increase in the total\/HDL\u2010cholesterol ratio, which is an index of increased cardiovascular risk, but only patients with IGF\u20101 deficiency have increased IMT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02105.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]],"date-time":"2004-09-03T09:49:22Z","timestamp":1094204962000},"page":"360-366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 deficiency determines increased intima\u2013media thickness at common carotid arteries in adult patients with growth hormone 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