{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T19:25:36Z","timestamp":1788809136348,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,31]],"date-time":"2005-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with hypopituitarism and GH deficiency. However, TBI\u2010mediated hypopituitarism may be more frequent than previously thought. The present work, performed in patients with severe TBI at least 1\u00a0year before, had three aims: (i) to evaluate the prevalence of hypopituitarism, (ii) in particular to evaluate the prevalence of GH deficiency, and (iii) to compare three different tests of GH reserve in this cohort.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design and patients<\/jats:bold>\n                    From a nonselected group of 249 patients admitted to our Clinical Centre for severe TBI over the last 5\u00a0years, 200 of them answered a custom made questionnaire of symptoms of hypopituitarism enclosed in the invitation letter to participate in the study. A total of 170 (99 men and 14 women), accepted to participate in the study (study cohort); 57 had normal questionnaires and were not further studied, 14 discontinued the study, and 99 attended the hospital for dynamic tests of pituitary hormone deficiencies. From these, 44 subjects with IGF\u2010I in the lower range were tested with GHRH+GHRP\u20106; ITT; and glucagon tests of GH reserve, on three different occasions.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Measurements<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pituitary hormones plus IGF\u2010I and target gland hormones were analysed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    With regard to the initial cohort of 170 subjects (100%), three (1\u00b77%) showed diabetes insipidus; 10 (5\u00b78%) TSH deficiency, 11 (6\u00b74%) ACTH deficiency and 29 (17%) gonadotrophin deficiency. In 10 subjects (5\u00b78%), GH deficiency was diagnosed by strict criteria. Finally, 15 (8\u00b78%) showed combined deficit of several hormones.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    After severe head trauma, gonadotrophin deficiency was the most common pituitary deficit. GH deficiency showed a prevalence similar to ACTH and TSH deficits, i.e. near 6% of the cohort. Taken together, 24\u00b77% of the subjects studied showed any type of pituitary hormone deficiency.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02250.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,21]],"date-time":"2005-04-21T06:09:33Z","timestamp":1114063773000},"page":"525-532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Prevalence of hypopituitarism and growth hormone deficiency in adults long\u2010term after severe traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Leal\u2010Cerro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan M.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilo","family":"Rincon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Murillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Pujol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Garcia\u2010Pesquera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Dieguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe F.","family":"Casanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Hypophysenschadigung durch Schadelbasisfraktur","volume":"44","author":"Cyran E.","year":"1918","journal-title":"Deutchland Medical Wochenschrift"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-2-2-65"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"528","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus following closed head injury","volume":"11","author":"Porter R.J.","year":"1946","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"523","article-title":"Hypophysar\u2010hypothalamische kramkheitsbilder mach stumptem Schadeltrauma","volume":"25","author":"Witter M.","year":"1957","journal-title":"Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-55-1-149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-45-4-747"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.49.5.0650"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"358","article-title":"Diabetes insipida e hipopituitarismo postraum\u00e1ticos. 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