{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:12:33Z","timestamp":1791141153326,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,15]],"date-time":"2007-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1168819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> The insulin like growth factor (IGF) system plays a key role in regulating fetal growth, is metabolically regulated, and may influence development of increased birth weight in offspring of mothers with diabetes. We examined IGF\u20101 and IGF binding protein\u20101 (IGFBP\u20101) concentrations in cord blood samples from offspring of mothers with gestational and type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design and patients\u2002<\/jats:bold> Case\u2010control study of Maori and Pacific Island mothers recruited prospectively at Middlemore Hospital, South Auckland, New Zealand.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cord blood (for insulin, IGF\u20101 and IGFBP\u20101) was taken from umbilical vein at birth from singleton babies born after 32\u00a0weeks of gestation from138 mothers with gestational diabetes (GDM), 39 mothers with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and 95 control mothers.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Babies born to mothers with both GDM and T2DM had significantly increased birth weight (Z\u2010score birth weight mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD: GDM 0\u00b794\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00b731, T2DM 0\u00b753\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00b71) compared to controls (Z\u2010score birth weight \u22120\u00b708\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00b710). IGFBP\u20101 was significantly reduced in both diabetic groups (median interquartile range: GDM 67(31\u2013137)\u00a0ng\/ml, T2DM 59(29\u2013105)\u00a0ng\/ml, control 114(56\u2013249)\u00a0ng\/ml). Cord IGF\u20101 was significantly increased in cord blood of infants of mothers with GDM (42\u00b72\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016\u00b73\u00a0ng\/ml <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> control 34\u00b77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a018\u00b75\u00a0ng\/ml) but not T2DM (38\u00b77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017\u00b74\u00a0ng\/ml). In all offspring, IGF\u20101 and IGFBP\u20101 were positively and negatively correlated with birth weight, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Maternal diabetes results in inverse changes of circulating fetal IGF\u20101 and IGFBP\u20101 at birth. A decrease in circulating IGFBP\u20101 and to a lesser extent an increase in circulating IGF\u20101 may present an important mechanism that contributes to increased birth weight in diabetic pregnancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02719.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,15]],"date-time":"2007-01-15T14:11:09Z","timestamp":1168870269000},"page":"322-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Inverse changes in fetal insulin\u2010like growth factor (IGF)\u20101 and IGF binding protein\u20101 in association with higher birth weight in maternal diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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