{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:08:37Z","timestamp":1791328117389,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,8]],"date-time":"2007-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1168214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic> is an oncogene that is commonly mutated in both melanomas and papillary thyroid carcinomas, usually at position V600E that leads to constitutive activity in the Ras\u2013mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. We speculated that this same gene may be either mutated at this site, or overexpressed, in pituitary adenomas.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design and measurements\u2002<\/jats:bold> We sequenced 37 pituitary adenomas for a mutation at the V600E position. In addition, we investigated B\u2010Raf mRNA expression in normal pituitary (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05) and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06) by semiquantitative PCR, and in a further 27 pituitary adenomas of various types and 10 normal pituitaries using real\u2010time quantitative PCR. Finally, we explored B\u2010Raf protein expression in 10 normal pituitaries and 12 NFPAs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> No sequence mutations for the substitution V600E were identified. B\u2010Raf mRNA was overexpressed in pituitary adenomas compared to normal pituitary, and this was entirely due to overexpression in NFPAs. NFPAs also showed very variable expression of B\u2010Raf protein, but those tumours showing highest levels of B\u2010Raf mRNA expressed the most B\u2010Raf protein.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Mutations previously seen in the majority of melanomas and a substantial minority of papillary thyroid carcinomas are not a frequent finding in pituitary adenomas. However, overexpression of B\u2010Raf mRNA and protein may be a feature of NFPAs, highlighting overactivity of the Ras\u2010B\u2010Raf\u2010MAP kinase pathway in these tumours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02735.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,8]],"date-time":"2007-01-08T09:22:50Z","timestamp":1168248170000},"page":"348-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A mutation and expression analysis of the oncogene <i>BRAF<\/i> in pituitary adenomas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Iain","family":"Ewing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Pedder\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Ruscica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Emery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Vax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e1ndor","family":"Czirj\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Hanz\u00e9ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blerina","family":"Kola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rta","family":"Korbonits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley B.","family":"Grossman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc926"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"100","article-title":"Pathophysiology of pituitary adenomas","volume":"28","author":"Donangelo I.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000079037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.2.5432","article-title":"Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) expression in pituitary adenomas","volume":"84","author":"Zhang X.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.13.1.0225","article-title":"Structure, expression, and function of human pituitary tumor\u2010transforming gene (PTTG)","volume":"13","author":"Zhang X.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.00949"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI14036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-419X(03)00016-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208152"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22523.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.8.625"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030838"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"2054","article-title":"[Scintigraphy using I, 131 iodobenzylguanidine and malignant melanomas]","volume":"134","author":"De Both P.S.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01851.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.87.6.2635"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","unstructured":"Morris D.G. 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Grossman A.B.&Korbonits M.(2003)The optimal endogenous control for human pituitary RNA gene expression studies.Proceedings of the 85th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society Philadelphia P2\u2013672 (Abstract) Endocrine Society Press Chevy Chase MD USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.78.2.387"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.78.1.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.77.1.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/EP:16:2:099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21372"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01937"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35060068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.26.6.2262-2272.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207542"}],"container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2265.2006.02735.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02735.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T08:30:14Z","timestamp":1697185814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02735.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,15]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02735.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02735.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0664","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,15]]}}}