{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:02:33Z","timestamp":1761512553626},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> Classical GH deficiency (GHD) is associated with typical phenotypic features. We have analysed standardized photographs of 137 Caucasian patients with GHD, in order to examine the relations between auxological, biochemical, pituitary and facial morphometric features.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Patients and measurements\u2002<\/jats:bold> We analysed pictures of 137 patients: 73 (55 Males\/18 Females) with Isolated GHD and 64 (48 M\/16 F) with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD). Of each patient, standardized frontal and lateral digital pictures were taken and analysed using Adobe Photoshop 5\u00b70.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Canthal index (CI), the relative distance between the eyes, was related to pituitary morphology. Patients with an ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP) had significantly higher CI values than patients without EPP. We found CI\u00a0&gt;\u00a039 to be a good cut\u2010off value to select children with highest probability of having EPP. The combination of CI\u00a0&gt;\u00a039 with the presence of hormonal deficiencies additional to GHD strongly predicted EPP: 93% of the patients with a CI\u00a0&gt;\u00a039 and additional hormonal deficiencies had EPP, in contrast to 77% of the patients with additional hormonal deficiencies but a CI\u00a0&lt;\u00a039, and 29% of the patients with none of these criteria (<jats:italic>P\u00a0=<\/jats:italic>\u00a00\u00b70001).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> CI, measured on digital pictures, is associated with ectopia of the posterior pituitary and this might be caused by an altered midline development, affecting both the pituitary and the facial structures of GHD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03167.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,17]],"date-time":"2008-06-17T13:20:22Z","timestamp":1213708822000},"page":"112-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Facial and pituitary morphology are related in Dutch patients with GH deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"L. C. G.","family":"De Graaff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Baan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. C. P.","family":"Govaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. C. S.","family":"Hokken\u2010Koelega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200201000-00032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19971212)73:2<184::AID-AJMG14>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.20249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200201000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Absent pituitary gland and hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis associated with partial ophthalmoplegia and postaxial polydactyly: a variant of orofaciodigital syndrome VI or a new syndrome? The","volume":"36","author":"Al Gazali L.I.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","volume-title":"Anthropometry of the Head and Face in Medicine","author":"Farkas L.G.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70036-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(04)00133-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(2002)039<0208:CAIATP>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/011905-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2003.12.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2004.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320390209"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70343-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30694"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.18.4301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2005.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200419596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.10.4.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.5.945"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20875"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400869101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(03)00804-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062736"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/2053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2235734100"}],"container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2265.2007.03167.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03167.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T20:34:19Z","timestamp":1697229259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03167.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03167.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03167.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0664","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]]}}}