{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T14:42:21Z","timestamp":1772030541080,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,5]],"date-time":"2012-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> Frailty is common in the elderly and predisposes to ill\u2010health. Some symptoms of frailty overlap those of thyroid dysfunction, but it is unclear whether differences in thyroid status influence risk of frailty. We evaluated associations between thyroid status and frailty in older men.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cross\u2010sectional epidemiological study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Participants\u2002<\/jats:bold> Community\u2010dwelling men aged 70\u201389\u2003years.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements\u2002<\/jats:bold> Circulating thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) were assayed. Frailty was assessed as \u22653 of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss (FRAIL) scale\u2019s 5 domains: fatigue; resistance (difficulty climbing flight of stairs); ambulation (difficulty walking 100\u2003m); illness (&gt;5); or weight loss (&gt;5%), blinded to hormone results.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Of 3943 men, 27 had subclinical hyperthyroidism, 431 subclinical hypothyroidism and 608 were classified as being frail (15\u00b74%). There was an inverse log\u2010linear association of TSH with FT<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. There was no association between TSH and frailty. After adjusting for covariates, men with FT<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> in the highest two quartiles had increased odds of being frail (Q3:Q1, odds ratio [OR]\u2003=\u20031\u00b732, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2003=\u20031\u00b701\u20131\u00b773 and Q4:Q1, OR\u2003=\u20031\u00b736, 95% CI\u2003=\u20031\u00b704\u20131\u00b779, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7010 for trend). Higher FT<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> was associated with fatigue (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7038) and weight loss (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030\u00b7001). The association between FT<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and frailty remained significant when the analysis was restricted to euthyroid men.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> High\u2010normal FT<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> level is an independent predictor of frailty among ageing men. This suggests that even within the euthyroid range, circulating thyroxine may contribute to reduced physical capability. Further studies are needed to clarify the utility of thyroid function testing and the feasibility of preventing or reversing frailty in older men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04290.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,12]],"date-time":"2011-11-12T00:23:28Z","timestamp":1321057408000},"page":"741-748","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Higher free thyroxine levels are associated with frailty in older men: the Health In Men Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Bu B.","family":"Yeap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helman","family":"Alfonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Paul Chubb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John 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