{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T07:36:44Z","timestamp":1770968204175,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]],"date-time":"2013-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pioglitazone is an insulin sensitizer used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>). It has been shown to reduce testosterone level in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. However, its effect on testosterone in men has not been studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research design and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial with 6\u00a0months follow\u2010up. Fifty (25 in each group) eugonadal men (well virilized and total testosterone \u226512\u00a0n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) with T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, aged 30\u201355\u00a0year and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>b<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>1c of \u22647\u00b75% were randomly assigned to receive pioglitazone 30\u00a0mg per day or placebo along with existing glimepiride and metformin therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>As compared to placebo, 6\u00a0months of pioglitazone therapy in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> resulted in significant reduction in mean total testosterone level (16\u00b71 to 14\u00b79 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 17\u00b71 to 17\u00b70\u00a0n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>;<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7031), calculated free testosterone (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7001) and bioavailable testosterone (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7000) despite significant increase in sex hormone\u2010binding globulin (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7000). Plasma androstenedione (\u2206<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>) level increased (1\u00b75 to 1\u00b79 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1\u00b77 to 1\u00b77 ng\/ml; <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7051) following pioglitazone therapy. The decrease in testosterone was independent of change in body weight, body fat and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>b<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>1c.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pioglitazone therapy significantly decreases total, free and bioavailable testosterone in eugonadal men with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>. The effects of these alterations need to be determined by further long\u2010term studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04510.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,21]],"date-time":"2012-07-21T03:29:41Z","timestamp":1342841381000},"page":"454-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effect of pioglitazone on testosterone in eugonadal men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized double\u2010blind placebo\u2010controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Subbiah","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"Walia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh 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