{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T14:22:24Z","timestamp":1790259744589,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,22]],"date-time":"2005-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1135209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> A close link between mood, low\u2010grade inflammation and obesity has been demonstrated even in healthy subjects. We investigated the relationship between changes in physical and psychological symptoms and inflammatory markers during the menstrual cycle both in normal weight and in overweight women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Eight healthy normal weight (body mass index 21\u00b76\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00b79\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) and seven overweight (body mass index 30 \u00b1 2\u00b74\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) young women with normal ovarian function and with no premenstrual syndrome were assessed 15\u00a0times throughout their menstrual cycle. At each time point fasting blood was drawn and symptoms were recorded using the Freeman Daily Symptom Record.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Independent of weight status, the serum concentrations of highly sensitive C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP) and the total scores, in addition to the individual four factors (mood, behaviour, pain and physical symptoms), of the Daily Symptom Record varied significantly during the menstrual cycle (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a00\u00b704) and paralleled each other. During the menstrual cycle, repeated hs\u2010CRP serum concentrations correlated to the corresponding total symptom score and the factors mood, behaviour and physical symptoms, independent of both weight status and changes in circulating gonadal steroids (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a00\u00b704). These associations were not observed for tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 serum levels. The mean hs\u2010CRP concentrations were associated with the mean total symptom score, independent of weight status (<jats:italic>r\u00a0=<\/jats:italic>\u00a00\u00b756, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b704).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Healthy young women showed psychological and physical symptoms during the menstrual cycle which changed in association with alterations in low\u2010grade inflammation and which were independent of body weight or plasma levels of gonadal steroids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01591.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,22]],"date-time":"2005-12-22T14:20:21Z","timestamp":1135261221000},"page":"58-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Menstrual cycle symptoms are associated with changes in low\u2010grade inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"J. J.","family":"Puder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. A.","family":"Blum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ch.","family":"De Geyter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Dye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(03)00097-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200317050-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(03)00099-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200115040-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000162256.18710.4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.9.1010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802496"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0231"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021929"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1566-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000041542.29808.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200301000-00025"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines in cervicogenic headache","volume":"14","author":"Martelletti P","year":"1999","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1993.1305343.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2001.00196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(99)00134-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000138281.73634.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000062530.94551.EA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000035719.79068.2B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01811-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/54.9.M434"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000138132.66332.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(96)02929-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)02264-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000084844"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.5.1434.1434","article-title":"Effects of recombinant human interleukin\u20106 in cancer patients: a phase I\u2010II study","volume":"84","author":"Gameren MM","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031562"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000149259.72488.09"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(03)00096-9","article-title":"A review of treatment of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder","volume":"28","author":"Rapkin A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n0507"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(03)00056-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0395"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2362.2006.01591.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01591.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T06:21:04Z","timestamp":1697178064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01591.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,22]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01591.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2006.01591.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2972","1365-2362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2972","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,22]]}}}