{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T02:48:37Z","timestamp":1777517317251,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,8]],"date-time":"2012-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (11): 1227\u20131234<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Endothelial cell\u2013selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) contributes to the integrity of tight junctions and modulates endothelial function. ESAM has been linked to experimental diabetic nephropathy; its soluble fraction is related to atherosclerosis in humans. In this cross\u2010sectional observational study, we describe for the first time serum ESAM in type 2 diabetic patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its relationship to vascular endothelial growth factor\u2010A (VEGF\u2010A).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> We included diabetic patients with different stages of CKD and controls. History, laboratory evaluation, serum ESAM and VEGF\u2010A and urinary albumin\/creatinine ratio were obtained.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Endothelial cell\u2013selective adhesion molecule was higher in non\u2010CKD diabetic patients 13\u00b780 (6\u00b715\u201318\u00b770)\u2003ng\/mL (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200345) than controls 7\u00b730 (4\u00b760\u20139\u00b740) ng\/mL (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200348), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7001. VEGF\u2010A had a similar pattern: 71\u00b73 (54\u00b775\u2013120\u00b770) vs. 43\u00b720 (30\u00b71\u201365\u00b790) pg\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030\u00b70001. ESAM was 10\u00b74 (5\u00b76\u201317\u00b74) ng\/mL in predialysis CKD patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200359) and 22\u00b735 (8\u00b755\u201329\u00b795) ng\/mL in dialysis patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200336), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030\u00b7001. Patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR)\u2003&lt;\u200315\u2003mL\/min had the highest ESAM (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7003). ESAM was similar in normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric and proteinuric patients. ESAM was directly correlated with the duration of diabetes (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7048, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7009), C\u2010reactive protein (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7028, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b705), VEGF\u2010A (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7040, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b701) and inversely with HbA1C (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7036, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b703), haemoglobin (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7062, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7005) and albumin (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u20030\u00b70\u00b740, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b7026). In multiple regression diabetes duration, HbA1C and VEGF\u2010A were significant predictors of ESAM. In controls, ESAM was inversely related to VEGF (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u2003037, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030\u00b701).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Endothelial cell\u2013selective adhesion molecule and VEGF\u2010A are higher in patients with diabetes than in controls. The highest ESAM is found in dialysis patients. ESAM correlates with diabetes duration and control, inflammation and VEGF\u2010A in patients with diabetes, but not in controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2012.02715.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]],"date-time":"2012-09-07T15:43:41Z","timestamp":1347032621000},"page":"1227-1234","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Endothelial cell\u2013selective adhesion molecule in diabetic nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ina 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