{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T12:02:46Z","timestamp":1773835366055,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,7]],"date-time":"2008-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1215388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2775,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Soil Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Microbial\u2010derived phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) can be used to characterize the microbial communities in soil without the need to isolate individual fungi and bacteria. They have been used to assess microbial communities of humus layers under coniferous forest, but nothing is known of their distribution in the deeper soil. To investigate the vertical distribution we sampled nine Podzol profiles on a 100\u2010m\u2010long transect in a coniferous forest and analysed for their microbial biomass and PLFA pattern to a depth of 0.4\u2003m. The transect covered a fertility gradient from\n                    <jats:italic>Vaccinium vitis\u2010idaea<\/jats:italic>\n                    forest site type to\n                    <jats:italic>Vaccinium myrtillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    forest site type. The cores were divided into humus (O) and eluvial (E) layers and below that into 10\u2010cm sections and designated as either illuvial (B) or parent material (C), or as a combination (BC). Two measures of microbial biomass analyses were applied: substrate\u2010induced respiration (SIR) to determine microbial biomass C (C\n                    <jats:sub>mic<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and the sum of the extracted microbial\u2010derived phospholipid fatty acids (totPLFA). The soil fertility had no effect on the results. The C\n                    <jats:sub>mic<\/jats:sub>\n                    correlated well with totPLFA (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u200a0.86). The microbial biomass decreased with increasing depth. In addition the PLFA pattern changed with increased depth as assessed with principal component analysis, indicating a change in the microbial community structure. The composition of the PLFAs in the O layer differed from that in the E layer and both differed from the upper part of the B layer and from the rest of the BC layers. The deeper parts of the B layer (BC\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , BC\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and BC\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) were similar to one other. The O layer had more 18:2\u03c96, a PLFA indicator of fungi, whereas the E layer contained relatively more of the PLFAs 16:1\u03c99, 18:1\u03c97 and cy19:0 common in gram\u2010negative bacteria. With increased depth the relative amount of 10Me18:0, the PLFA indicator for actinomycetes, increased. We conclude that the PLFA method is a promising discriminator between the microbial community structures of the horizons in Podzols.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2389.2000.00346.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,8]],"date-time":"2008-12-08T09:27:22Z","timestamp":1228728442000},"page":"565-573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Distribution of microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acids in Podzol profiles under coniferous forest"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Fritze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Pietik\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Pennanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-0717(78)90099-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4026","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.12.4026-4031.1992","article-title":"Soil bacterial biomass, activity, phospholipid fatty acid pattern, and pH tolerance in an area polluted with alkaline dust deposition","volume":"58","author":"B\u00e5\u00e5th E.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental 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