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We now show that, in addition to directly priming Th2 responses, ES\u201062 can act to dampen down the pro\u2010inflammatory DC responses elicited by lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that murine DCs and macrophages derived <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> from bone marrow cells exposed <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> to ES\u201062 by release from osmotic pumps are hyporesponsive to subsequent stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. These effects can be largely mimicked by exposure to the PC moiety of ES\u201062 conjugated to an irrelevant protein. The data we provide are, as far as we aware, the first to show that a defined pathogen product can modulate the developmental pathway of bone marrow cells of the immune system <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Such a finding could have important implications for the use of pathogen products or their derivatives for immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.01993.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]],"date-time":"2004-11-18T15:38:42Z","timestamp":1100792322000},"page":"491-498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["<i>In vivo<\/i> exposure of murine dendritic cell and macrophage bone marrow progenitors to the phosphorylcholine\u2010containing filarial nematode glycoprotein ES\u201062 polarizes their differentiation to an anti\u2010inflammatory phenotype"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Helen S.","family":"Goodridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fraser A.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma H.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina M.","family":"Houston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Foo Y.","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret M.","family":"Harnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Harnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_20_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(96)90106-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_3_2","first-page":"473","volume-title":"Immunology and Molecular Biology of Parasitic Infections","author":"Kazura JW","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.3.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(00)01290-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_6_2","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Perspectives in Nematode Physiology and Biochemistry.","author":"Harnett W","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(90)90042-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60219-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198004103021503"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_10_2","first-page":"602","article-title":"Serosuppression in experimental filariasis","volume":"55","author":"Lammie PJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4829","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.9.4829","article-title":"Inhibition of murine B cell proliferation and down\u2010regulation of protein kinase C levels by a phosphorylcholine\u2010containing filarial excretory\u2013secretory product","volume":"151","author":"Harnett W","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1998.00181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(98)01419-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1999.00267.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6105","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.12.6105","article-title":"A filarial nematode secreted product differentially modulates expression and activation of protein kinase C isoforms in B lymphocytes","volume":"159","author":"Deehan MR","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.6.2692","article-title":"A phosphorylcholine\u2010containing filarial nematode\u2010secreted product disrupts B lymphocyte activation by targeting key proliferative signaling pathways","volume":"160","author":"Deehan MR","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.9.5466-5468.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.12.6453"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.2.940"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.4.2127"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.10.4984"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.4.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.5.2384"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_25_2","first-page":"517","article-title":"Cytidine\u20105\u2032\u2010diphospho\u2010choline conjugates. 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