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In the presence of iron, O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2022\u2013<\/jats:sup> may be converted to more reactive oxygen radicals, such as to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and\/or <jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup>OH, which may augment antigen\u2010induced airway inflammation. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of lactoferrin (LF), an iron\u2010binding protein, on ragweed (<jats:italic>Ambrosia artemisiifolia<\/jats:italic>) pollen extract (RWE)\u2010induced cellular oxidative stress levels in cultured bronchial epithelial cells and accumulation of inflammatory and mucin\u2010producing cells in airways in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Results show that LF lowered RWE\u2010induced increase in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in bronchial epithelial cells. Most importantly, LF significantly decreased accumulation of eosinophils into airways and subepithelium of intranasally challenged, sensitized mice. LF also prevented development of mucin\u2010producing cells. Amb a 1, the major allergenic ragweed pollen antigen lacking NAD(P)H oxidase activity, induced low\u2010grade airway inflammation. When administered along with glucose oxidase (G\u2010ox), a superoxide\u2010generating enzyme, Amb a 1 induced robust airway inflammation, which was significantly lowered by LF. Surprisingly, LF decreased also inflammation caused by Amb a 1 alone. Iron\u2010saturated hololactoferrin had only a marginal effect on RWE\u2010induced cellular ROS levels and RWE\u2010 or Amb a 1 plus G\u2010ox\u2010induced inflammation. We postulate that free iron in the airways chemically reduces O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup><jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> to more reactive species which augment antigen\u2010induced inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Our results suggest the utility of LF in human allergic inflammatory disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2006.02417.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,26]],"date-time":"2006-06-26T15:30:16Z","timestamp":1151335816000},"page":"159-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Lactoferrin decreases pollen antigen\u2010induced allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Marian L.","family":"Kruzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Bacsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barun","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjiv","family":"Sur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istvan","family":"Boldogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35037000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.126780"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.suppl_2.S51"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00252-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)62842-X","article-title":"A mechanism for the production of ethylene from methional. 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