{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:19:32Z","timestamp":1790817572179,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,7]],"date-time":"2007-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The chironomid midges are the only insects that harbour true haemoglobin in their haemolymph. Here we report the identification of haemoglobin genes in two other nematoceran species. Two paralogous haemoglobin genes (\n                    <jats:italic>glob1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>glob2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) from the malaria mosquito\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles gambiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    were cloned and sequenced. Furthermore, we identified two orthologous haemoglobin genes in the yellow fever mosquito\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti.<\/jats:italic>\n                    All four haemoglobins were predicted to be intracellular proteins, with the amino acids required for heme\u2010 and oxygen\u2010binding being conserved.\n                    <jats:italic>In situ\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization studies showed that\n                    <jats:italic>glob1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>glob2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in\n                    <jats:italic>An. gambiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    is mainly associated with the tracheal system. This pattern resembles that of other insect intracellular globins. We also observed expression of\n                    <jats:italic>glob2<\/jats:italic>\n                    in visceral muscles. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the globins of the mosquitoes and the Chironomidae are not orthologous. The chironomid haemoglobins share a recent common origin with the brachyceran glob1 proteins. The mosquito glob1 and glob2 proteins, which separated by gene duplication around 170 million years ago, form a distinct clade of more ancient evolutionary origin within the insects. The\n                    <jats:italic>glob1<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes have introns in the ancestral globin positions B12.2 and G7.0. An additional intron was observed in\n                    <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti glob1<\/jats:italic>\n                    helix position E18.0, providing evidence for a recent intron gain event. Both mosquito\n                    <jats:italic>glob2<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes have lost the B12.2 intron. This pattern must be interpreted in terms of dynamic intron gain and loss events in the globin gene lineage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2006.00706.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,13]],"date-time":"2007-02-13T09:55:11Z","timestamp":1171360511000},"page":"133-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Characterization of two globin genes from the malaria mosquito\n                    <i>Anopheles gambiae<\/i>\n                    : Divergent origin of nematoceran haemoglobins"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Burmester","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Klawitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hankeln","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Biochemistry","author":"Berg 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