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The following antibiotics were used: benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin\u2010clavulanic acid, erythromycin, azithromycin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the antimicrobial agents were determined using the E\u2010test System (AB BIODISK, Solna, Sweden), and the <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> strains classified as susceptible or resistant according to the guidelines of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). The strains were also tested for <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010lactamase production with nitrocefin (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> All strains were susceptible to penicillins <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, however, the MICs of amoxicillin and amoxicillin\u2010clavulanic acid (MIC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u20030.75\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) were lower than for benzylpenicillin (MIC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u20033.0\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). All strains studied were also susceptible to vancomycin and moxifloxacin, whilst 95.2% were susceptible to chloramphenicol. Amongst the isolates, 85.7% were susceptible to tetracycline and doxycycline and 80.9% to ciprofloxacin. The MIC of erythromycin ranged from 0.38 to &gt;256\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>; only 28.5% of the strains were susceptible (MIC\u2003\u2264\u20030.5\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Limited susceptibility was also observed with azithromycin which was active against only 14.2% of isolates. No strains produced <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010lactamase.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> isolates were completely susceptible, <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, to amoxicillin, amoxicillin\u2010clavulanic acid, vancomycin and moxifloxacin. Most isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline or ciprofloxacin. Erythromycin and azithromycin were least effective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2004.00865.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]],"date-time":"2004-10-11T14:52:58Z","timestamp":1097506378000},"page":"756-763","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i> isolated from canals of root filled teeth with periapical lesions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"E. T.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. P. F. A.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. B.","family":"Drucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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