{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T10:40:53Z","timestamp":1774348853284,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]],"date-time":"2006-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2002<\/jats:bold> To develop a three\u2010dimensional culture model of human dental pulp cells (DPCs) with biodegradable porous calcium polyphosphate (CPP) scaffolds.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methodology\u2002<\/jats:bold> Human DPCs were isolated from three donors. The 3\u2010(4,5\u2010dimethylthiazol\u20102\u2010yl)\u20102,5\u2010diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of CPP compared with hydroxyapatite (HA) and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010tricalcium phosphate (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010TCP). Values were analysed using unpaired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests. Cells were seeded onto porous CPP scaffolds with pore sizes in the range of 200\u2013300\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m. The nature of cellular adaptation in the three\u2010dimensional culture model was then evaluated visually by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The apoptotic property of cells on the scaffolds was also assessed by DNA staining with CLSM.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> The cytotoxicity assay indicated that there was no significant difference between CPP and HA for each donor's original cells (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&gt;\u20030.05). Calcium polyphosphate had no cytotoxic effect on DPCs, whilst SEMs showed that cells successfully adhered to CPP scaffolds and spread amongst pores. On the cell surface, fine processes and matrix secretory granules were found. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that cells took on a three\u2010dimensional structure with signs of vitality.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Porous CPP scaffolds are promising for the establishment of a three\u2010dimensional culture model of DPCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2006.01114.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]],"date-time":"2006-05-04T13:24:46Z","timestamp":1146749086000},"page":"477-483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Biodegradable porous calcium polyphosphate scaffolds for the three\u2010dimensional culture of dental pulp cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"F.\u2010M.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.\u2010X.","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.\u2010D.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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