{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:31:17Z","timestamp":1791891077763,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,26]],"date-time":"2007-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1180137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2002<\/jats:bold> To investigate the efficiency of a hydrodynamic irrigation system compared with conventional cleansing techniques in root canals.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methodology\u2002<\/jats:bold> Forty\u2010five freshly extracted single\u2010rooted teeth were de\u2010coronated and their root canals were enlarged to size 30 at the apex. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200315) for the final rinsing sequence using 2% NaOCl plus acid fuchsin: group I: static application of irrigant, 3\u2003min; group II: flushing with a syringe; 5\u2010mL NaOCl, 1\u2003min; group III: RinsEndo<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2010system; 5\u2010mL NaOCl, 50\u2003s. Apical extrusion was documented photographically. The roots were sectioned at 2, 4, 6 and 8\u2003mm from their apices and the penetration depths of dye into dentine measured, using a stereomicroscope. Wilcoxon's test and Pearson's chi\u2010squared test were employed to prove statistic relevance.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Greater dye penetration depth into the dentinal tubules was achieved when employing hydrodynamic rinsing procedures. Using this technique, 23% of the specimens were penetrated for more than 50% of their dentine thickness, whereas the results for flushing with a syringe were 12% (static application, 7%). No penetration of dentine occurred in 63% of specimens with static application, 39% flushing with a syringe and 15% using the hydrodynamic system (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05 Pearson's chi\u2010squared test). Apical extrusion occurred more frequently after hydrodynamic rinsing (extruded specimens: RinsEndo<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2003=\u200380%; static application\/flushing with a syringe\u2003=\u200313%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05 Pearson's chi\u2010squared test).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Hydrodynamic rinsing demonstrated an improvement over conventional methods in terms of dentine penetration of a dye marker. A higher risk of apical extrusion with the RinsEndo<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2010system was evident.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2007.01264.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,26]],"date-time":"2007-05-26T21:28:34Z","timestamp":1180214914000},"page":"644-652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Penetration depth of a dye marker into dentine using a novel hydrodynamic system 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