{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:22:57Z","timestamp":1789608177303,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,13]],"date-time":"2011-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1315872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Silva EJNL, Accorsi\u2010Mendon\u00e7a T, Almeida JFA, Ferraz CCR, Gomes BPFA, Zaia AA.<\/jats:bold> Evaluation of cytotoxicity and up\u2010regulation of gelatinases in human fibroblast cells by four root canal sealers. <jats:italic>International Endodontic Journal<\/jats:italic>, <jats:bold>45<\/jats:bold>, 49\u201356, 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2002<\/jats:bold> To investigate the effects of root canal sealers on the cytotoxicity and gelatinolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human fibroblasts.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methodology\u2002<\/jats:bold> Human fibroblasts (MRC5, 3\u2003\u00d7\u200310<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> cells per well) were incubated directly or indirectly with AH Plus, Endomethasone N, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT or Sealapex for 30\u2003min, 1, 4 or 24\u2003h (time\u2010points). The cytotoxicity of all root canal sealers was determined by counting viable cells using the trypan blue exclusion assay. Supernatants of cell cultures incubated with root sealers directly or indirectly were collected after each time\u2010point to determine the levels of MMP\u20102 and MMP\u20109 gelatinolytic activity by gelatin zymography. Data were analysed using <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc> and the Tukey\u2019s tests.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cells secreted MMP\u20102 after periods of 4 and 24\u2003h; however, there were no significant differences between the sealers. Secretion of gelatinases was elevated by root canal sealers in direct contact with the cell monolayer when compared to indirect contact (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). At the time\u2010points tested, no gelatinolytic activity could be detected in the control group without the sealers. The cytotoxicity results revealed that all sealers were cytotoxic in both contact forms. Sealapex had the lowest cytotoxicity and AH Plus the most cytotoxicity.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> All root canal sealers induced the expression of MMP\u20102 in MRC5 fibroblasts. AH Plus had the highest cytotoxicity amongst the tested sealers, but all were associated with cytotoxic effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2011.01946.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,13]],"date-time":"2011-09-13T07:20:44Z","timestamp":1315898444000},"page":"49-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Evaluation of cytotoxicity and up\u2010regulation of gelatinases in human fibroblast cells by four root canal sealers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"E. J. N. 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