{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:57:25Z","timestamp":1791269845488,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In animal studies, exposure to dioxins has been associated with disrupted development of the male reproductive system, including testicular maldescent. Some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have also dioxin\u2010like effects. In addition, one previous case\u2013control study has reported an association between congenital cryptorchidism and colostrum PCB levels. We performed a case\u2013control study to evaluate whether congenital cryptorchidism in boys was associated with increased levels of dioxins or PCBs in placenta reflecting foetal exposure. In addition, associations between placenta levels of these chemicals and reproductive hormone levels in boys at 3\u2003months were studied. Placentas were collected in a Danish\u2013Finnish joint prospective cohort study on cryptorchidism (1997\u20132001). The boys were examined for cryptorchidism at birth and at 3\u2003months. Altogether, 280 placentas [112 Finnish (56 cases, 56 controls) and 168 Danish (39 cases, 129 controls)] were analysed for 17 toxic polychlorinated dibenzo\u2010<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD\/Fs) and 37 PCBs (including 12 dioxin\u2010like PCBs). Infant serum samples taken at 3\u2003months were analysed for reproductive hormones. No significant differences between cases and controls were observed in either country in dioxin WHO\u2010TEq levels (median 9.78 vs. 8.47\u2003pg\/g fat, respectively, in Finland, and 11.75 vs. 10.88\u2003pg\/g fat in Denmark) or PCB WHO\u2010TEq levels (median 2.12 vs. 2.15\u2003pg\/g fat in Finland, 2.34 vs. 2.10\u2003pg\/g fat in Denmark) or total\u2010TEq levels (median 11.66 vs. 10.58\u2003pg\/g fat in Finland, 13.94 vs. 13.00\u2003pg\/g fat in Denmark). Placenta WHO\u2010TEq levels of dioxins were not associated with infant reproductive hormone levels at 3\u2003months. In Finland, PCB WHO\u2010TEq levels in placenta associated positively with infant LH levels. WHO\u2010TEq levels of dioxins and PCBs and total\u2010TEq levels were higher in Danish than Finnish samples. In conclusion, no association between placenta levels of dioxins or PCBs and congenital cryptorchidism was found. Significant country differences in chemical levels were observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2011.01233.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T07:48:05Z","timestamp":1323762485000},"page":"283-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Associations between congenital cryptorchidism in newborn boys and levels of dioxins and PCBs in placenta"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"H. E.","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Koskenniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Sundqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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