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However, evidence for their protective effects against melanoma skin cancer is less conclusive. Three important observations prompted us to review the animal data and human studies on possible side effects of selected chemical UV\u2010filters in cosmetics. (1) the utilization of sunscreens with UV\u2010filters is increasing worldwide; (2) the incidence of the malignant disorder for which sunscreens should protect, malignant melanoma, is rapidly increasing and (3) an increasing number of experimental studies indicating that several UV\u2010filters might have endocrine disruptive effects. The selected UV\u2010filters we review in this article are benzophenone\u20103 (BP\u20103), 3\u2010benzylidene camphor (3\u2010BC), 3\u2010(4\u2010methyl\u2010benzylidene) camphor (4\u2010MBC), 2\u2010ethylhexyl 4\u2010methoxy cinnamate (OMC), Homosalate (HMS), 2\u2010ethylhexyl 4\u2010dimethylaminobenzoate (OD\u2010PABA) and 4\u2010aminobenzoic acid (PABA). The potential adverse effects induced by UV\u2010filters in experimental animals include reproductive\/developmental toxicity and disturbance of hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid axis (HPT). Few human studies have investigated potential side effects of UV\u2010filters, although human exposure is high as UV\u2010filters in sunscreens are rapidly absorbed from the skin. One of the UV\u2010filters, BP\u20103, has been found in 96% of urine samples in the US and several UV\u2010filters in 85% of Swiss breast milk samples. It seems pertinent to evaluate whether exposure to UV\u2010filters contribute to possible adverse effects on the developing organs of foetuses and children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2012.01280.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,22]],"date-time":"2012-05-22T04:24:45Z","timestamp":1337660685000},"page":"424-436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":430,"title":["Sunscreens: are they beneficial for health? An overview of endocrine disrupting properties of UV\u2010filters"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Klit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Blomberg Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"S\u00f8eborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Schlumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Lichtensteiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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