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Certain intestinal bacterial strains may induce colitis, whereas some strains (e.g. <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> spp.) show a protective effect in colitis owing to their anti\u2010inflammatory activity. In this study, we have examined the production of selected inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of haeme oxygenase\u20101 (HO\u20101) by murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> by the intestinal bacterial strains, isolated from mice with colitis. <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> strains (<jats:italic>Lactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>L. johnsonii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>L. animalis<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>murinus<\/jats:italic>) and two potentially pathogenic bacteria (<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>) induced the production of substantial amounts of cytokines with a strain specific profile. Despite some interstrain differences, all lactobacilli induced production of anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines (IL\u201010<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup>, IL\u20106<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup>, IL\u201012p70<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup>). Conversely, <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL\u201012p70), the cytokines essential for chronic IBD. Macrophages released comparably substantial amounts of ROS in response to all Lactobacillus strains tested, while <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> ability to induce generation of ROS was negligible. In contrast to ROS, the production of NO\/NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> by macrophages activated with all bacterial strains tested was similar. Moreover, for the first time, it has been shown that intestinal bacteria differed in their ability to induce expression of HO\u20101, a stress\u2010inducible enzyme with antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory properties. The beneficial immunoregulatory properties of candidate probiotic bacteria for the treatment of IBD are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2007.00530.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,4]],"date-time":"2007-04-04T19:28:55Z","timestamp":1175714935000},"page":"155-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Differential inflammatory mediator response in vitro from murine macrophages to lactobacilli and pathogenic intestinal bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Marcinkiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ciszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bobek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Strus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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