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Amitriptyline has recently been described as an analgesic, anti\u2010inflammatory and myorelaxant in some experimental models. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of amitriptyline hydrochloride on the process of fibrosis in a bladder outlet obstruction model in rats. Male Wistar rats were subjected to IVO and studied at intervals of 1 and 14\u2003days postprocedure. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham, IVO1\u2010T, IVO1\u2010NT, IVO14\u2010T and IVO14\u2010NT. Bladder tissue was processed for histopathology, immunohistochemistry and RT\u2010PCR. The IVO14 groups presented bladder fibrosis, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and bladder wall thickening. The IVO14\u2010T group demonstrated a higher intensity of fibrosis, higher macrophage infiltration rate and higher gene expression of Transforming growth factor (TGF) <jats:italic>Tgf\u2010\u03b21<\/jats:italic>. Thus this data shows that in this experimental mode amitriptyline had an amplifying effect on the process of fibrosis as a whole.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2012.00813.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,8]],"date-time":"2012-05-08T10:52:32Z","timestamp":1336474352000},"page":"218-224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Amitriptyline aggravates the fibrosis process in a rat model of infravesical obstruction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Patr\u00edcia S.","family":"de Almeida Prado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Fernanda","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio O.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Schor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vicente P.C.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382005000600012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.05.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)69138-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200103)44:3<578::AID-ANR106>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Growth factors and receptors in bladder development and obstruction","volume":"75","author":"Baskin L.S.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lab. 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