{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T23:14:24Z","timestamp":1773357264283,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,28]],"date-time":"2005-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim.\u2002<\/jats:bold> The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between impersonal trust, governmentality and professional activity through an analysis of professional discourse.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Background.\u2002<\/jats:bold> This study emerged from an earlier paper that described a four\u2010dimensional model based on Luhmann's definition of trust as \u2018reducing complexity and managing expectations\u2019. Linking trust with the Foucauldian notion of governmentality develops this further. Governmentality raises the question of how professional authority is constituted through the practice of nurses and other health and welfare professionals.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Discourse analysis was used to explore the text from two genres \u2013 academic literature and interview material (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200317) \u2013 in the context of community residential services for people with learning disabilities.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Findings.\u2002<\/jats:bold> The study provided evidence to support claims that trust is produced through impersonal systems. Trust is contested in a dynamic process where there are gains and losses. Professionals in organisations actively promote trust, often through systems of distrust. The study also built on the four\u2010dimensional model of impersonal trust \u2013 trust, mistrust, abuse and hope \u2013 and re\u2010conceptualized the trust\u2010hope dimension.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion.\u2002<\/jats:bold> There are theoretical links between governmentality and trust. Similarly, in order to understand trust nurses need to understand the dynamic nature of the systems in which they operate. The proposition that trust could frustrate hope adds an element of controversy to the discussion of hope in the nursing literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2004.03332.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,28]],"date-time":"2005-02-28T17:01:57Z","timestamp":1109610117000},"page":"568-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Impersonal trust and professional authority: exploring the dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Tony P.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_21_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(98)00045-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_3_1","volume-title":"The Principle of Hope","author":"Bloch E.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_4_1","volume-title":"The Managerial State","author":"Clarke 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