{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:21:42Z","timestamp":1782955302804,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,10]],"date-time":"2012-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Animal Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Crocodile populations are size\u2010structured, and for populations that are subject to harvesting, removal is typically size selective. For this reason, size\u2010structured matrix models are typically used to analyse the dynamics of crocodile populations. The boundaries between the size classes used to classify individuals in these models are typically chosen arbitrarily. This is problematic because results can depend upon the number and width of size classes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The recent development of continuous character population models termed integral projection models (IPM) has removed the need to arbitrarily classify individuals. These models are yet to be applied to harvested animal populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Using information obtained from the literature, we develop an IPM for crocodiles. We use perturbation analyses to investigate how altering size\u2010specific demographic rates influences the population growth rate and the strength of selection on snout to vent length.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We find that perturbations can lead to complex responses. Sensitivity analysis to population growth and fertility selection reveals that the smallest animals and the sizes of early breeding individuals and their eggs may have more influence on these population biology parameters than previously thought.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Although our model is relatively simple, our results show that IPM can be used to gain theoretical insight into the possible consequences of altering size\u2010specific demographic rates on the population and evolutionary ecology of harvested populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2012.02027.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,10]],"date-time":"2012-09-10T17:02:41Z","timestamp":1347296561000},"page":"155-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Re\u2010evaluating the effect of harvesting regimes on <scp>N<\/scp>ile crocodiles using an integral projection model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Kevin","family":"Wallace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ecology and Evolution Imperial College London, Silwood Park Ascot Berkshire SL5 7PY UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Leslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Faculty of Agrisciences University of Stellenbosch P\/Bag X1 Matieland 7600 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Coulson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ecology and Evolution Imperial College London, Silwood Park Ascot Berkshire SL5 7PY UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2008.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3957\/056.039.0107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3495"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2009.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"The Population Ecology of the Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Panhandle Region of the Okavango Delta, Botswana","author":"Bourquin S.L.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2028.2011.01285.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"Matrix Population Models: Construction, Analysis, and Interpretation","author":"Caswell H.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2010.23.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020809"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02177"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2010.01734.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"00","volume-title":"The CITES Nile Crocodile Project","author":"Craig G.C.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Reproductive cycle and sexual size dimorphism of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana","author":"Detoeuf\u2010Boulade A.S.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003060530999086X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2000)081[0694:SSSAAN]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/499438"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"The Feeding Ecology of two Nile Crocodile Populations in the Zambezi Valley","author":"Games I.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume-title":"The Lake Rudolf crocodile population (Crocodylus niloticus laurenti)","author":"Graham A.","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.24.110193.002441"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of crocodile nests in Umfolozi game reserve","volume":"41","author":"Hartley D.D.R.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lammergeyer"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"J.M. 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