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However, despite the fact that there have been many discussions about the various aspects of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>now's case, there has been virtually no discussion about what guided<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>now's reasoning in his coming to believe his various conclusions about cholera. Here, I want to take up this question in some detail and show that there are a number of specific principles of reasoning that played a crucial role for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>now. Moreover, these principles were epistemologically important to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>now, a fact about which<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>now is explicit in many places. An analysis of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>now's case suggests that, because of the epistemic role such principles of reasoning can play, health care practitioners ought to understand their practices to be theoretically informed in these ways, and not just data driven.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2012.01902.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]],"date-time":"2012-09-21T10:20:23Z","timestamp":1348222823000},"page":"968-973","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Principles of reasoning in historical epidemiology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dana","family":"Tulodziecki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy University of Missouri\u2010KC Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02442-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195135442.001.0001","volume-title":"Cholera, Chloroform, and the Science of Medicine: A Life of John Snow","author":"Vinten\u2010Johansen P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"John Snow revisited: getting a handle on the Broad Street pump","volume":"62","author":"Brody H.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.shpsc.2011.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511497544"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01593177"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199546244.001.0001","volume-title":"Cholera: The Biography","author":"Hamlin C.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","volume-title":"Cholera, Fever and English Medicine, 1825\u20131865","author":"Pelling M.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","volume-title":"Spreading Germs: Diseases, Theories, and Medical Practice in Britain, 1865\u20131900","author":"Worboys M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","volume-title":"Mathematics, Matter and Method","author":"Putnam H.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2219325"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-8361.1989.tb00928.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","volume-title":"Scientific Realism: How Science Tracks Truth","author":"Psillos S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","volume-title":"On the Mode of Communication of Cholera","author":"Snow J.","year":"1855"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3050617"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-237X(08)71048-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139171434.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","volume-title":"Philosophy of Natural Science","author":"Hempel C.","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_1","first-page":"1950","volume-title":"Philosophy of Scientific Method","author":"Mill J. 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