{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T12:20:53Z","timestamp":1773922853742,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]],"date-time":"2006-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract.<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and objectives.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Virus hepatitis may lead to nephropathy as one of its multiple extrahepatic manifestations. Proteinuria by dipstick, a simple test in practice, is a useful and cardinal sign of underlying renal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and\/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections on the occurrence of proteinuria amongst adults.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Designandsetting.\u2002<\/jats:bold> A prospective, cross\u2010sectional, community\u2010based study was conducted in an HBV\/HCV endemic area of southern Taiwan. Eligible subjects aged 40\u201365\u2003years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20039934) underwent testing of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HCV antibody (anti\u2010HCV) and other related biochemical profiles. Urinalysis with repeated dipstick for proteinuria detection was performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Anti\u2010HCV\u2010positive rate amongst proteinuria subjects was significantly higher than nonproteinuria subjects (9.6% vs. 6.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). By contrast, HBsAg\u2010positive rate did not differ between subjects with and without proteinuria (13.0% vs. 13.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.57). Prevalence of proteinuria amongst anti\u2010HCV\u2010positive subjects (10.2%) was significantly higher than that in HBsAg\u2010positive subjects (6.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=0.004) and in HBsAg\u2010negative or anti\u2010HCV\u2010negative subjects (7.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.004). The difference persisted even after excluding diabetics. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that diabetes was the most important significant factor associated with proteinuria, followed by hypertension, anti\u2010HCV seropositivity, body mass index, age and triglyceride levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion.\u2002<\/jats:bold> We demonstrated the significant association between proteinuria and HCV, but not HBV, infection in this HBV\/HCV\u2010endemic area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2006.01686.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,17]],"date-time":"2006-07-17T10:10:24Z","timestamp":1153131024000},"page":"255-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Viral hepatitis and proteinuria in an area endemic for hepatitis B and C infections: another chain of 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