{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:22:34Z","timestamp":1791292954486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]],"date-time":"2011-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract.\u2002<\/jats:bold> de Boer RA, van Veldhuisen DJ, Gansevoort RT, Muller Kobold AC, van Gilst WH, Hillege HL, Bakker SJL, van der Harst P (University of Groningen). The fibrosis marker galectin\u20103 and outcome in the general population. <jats:italic>J Intern Med<\/jats:italic> 2012; <jats:bold>272<\/jats:bold>: 55\u201364.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Galectin\u20103 is involved in fibrosis and inflammation and plays a role in heart failure, renal disease, obesity and cancer. We aimed to establish the relationship between galectin\u20103 and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and mortality in the general population.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design and subjects.\u2002<\/jats:bold> This study included 7968 subjects from the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd\u2010stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort, with a median follow\u2010up of approximately 10\u2003years. Plasma galectin\u20103 was measured in baseline samples.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main outcome measures.\u2002<\/jats:bold> We investigated the relationships between galectin\u20103 levels, demographic characteristics and risk factors of CV disease. We determined the prognostic value for all\u2010cause, CV and cancer mortality.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.\u2002<\/jats:bold> The mean age of the population was 50\u2003\u00b1 13\u2003years. Mean blood pressure was 129\/74\u2003mmHg, mean cholesterol was 5.7\u2003\u00b1\u20031.1\u2003mmol\u2003L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and median galectin\u20103 was 10.9\u2003ng\u2003mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> [interquartile range (IQR) 9.0\u201313.1]. Galectin\u20103 levels correlated with a wide range of risk factors of CV disease, including blood pressure, serum lipids, body mass index, renal function and N\u2010terminal pro\u2010B\u2010type natriuretic peptide (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.0001). We observed a strong association between galectin\u20103 and age. Furthermore, we found a gender interaction, with female subjects (<jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>4001) having higher median galectin\u20103 levels (11.0\u2003ng mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, IQR 9.1\u201313.4 vs. men (<jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>3967) 10.7 ng\u2003mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, IQR 8.9\u201312.8; <jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.0001), and galectin\u20103 levels in women more strongly correlated with risk factors of CV disease. After correction for the classical CV risk factors (smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes), galectin\u20103 levels independently predicted all\u2010cause mortality (hazard ratio per SD galectin\u20103 1.09, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.19; <jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.036), but not CV and cancer mortality separately.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Galectin\u20103 is associated with age and risk factors of CV disease, with a strong gender interaction for these correlations. Galectin\u20103 predicts all\u2010cause mortality in the general population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02476.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,25]],"date-time":"2011-10-25T14:30:37Z","timestamp":1319553037000},"page":"55-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":319,"title":["The fibrosis marker galectin\u20103 and outcome in the general population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"272","author":[{"given":"R. A.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"van Veldhuisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. T.","family":"Gansevoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. C.","family":"Muller Kobold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. 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