{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T07:29:28Z","timestamp":1791098968047,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,30]],"date-time":"2011-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Hooshmand B, Solomon A, K\u00e5reholt I, Rusanen M, H\u00e4nninen T, Leivisk\u00e4 J, Winblad B, Laatikainen T, Soininen H &amp; Kivipelto M (Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; KI Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center (KI\u2010ADRC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, and University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland). Associations between serum homocysteine, holotranscobalamin, folate and cognition in the elderly: a longitudinal study. <jats:italic>J Intern Med<\/jats:italic> 2012; <jats:bold>271<\/jats:bold>: 204\u2013212.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives.\u2002<\/jats:bold> To examine the associations between serum homocysteine (tHcy), holotranscobalamin (holoTC, the biologically active fraction of vitamin B12) and folate and cognitive functioning in a longitudinal population\u2010based study of Finnish elderly subjects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Subjects and design.\u2002<\/jats:bold> tHcy, holoTC and folate were measured at baseline in 274 dementia\u2010free subjects aged 65\u201379\u2003years from the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia study. Subjects were re\u2010examined 7\u2003years later, and global cognition, episodic memory, executive functioning, verbal expression and psychomotor speed were assessed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Higher baseline tHcy levels were associated with poorer performance in global cognition, relative difference: 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81\u20130.99]; episodic memory: 0.87 (95% CI 0.77\u20130.99); executive functions: 0.86 (95% CI 0.75\u20130.98); and verbal expression: 0.89 (95% CI 0.81\u20130.97) at follow\u2010up. Increased holoTC levels were related to better performance on global cognition: 1.09 (95% CI 1.00\u20131.19); executive functions: 1.11 (95% CI 1.01\u20131.21); and psychomotor speed: 1.13 (95% CI 1.01\u20131.26). After excluding 20 cases of incident dementia, increased tHcy remained associated with poorer performance in episodic memory, execution functions and verbal expression. Higher holoTC levels tended to be related to better performance in executive functions and psychomotor speed, while elevated serum folate concentrations were significantly related to higher scores in global cognition and verbal expression tests.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions.\u2002<\/jats:bold> tHcy, holoTC and folate levels are related to cognitive performance 7\u2003years later even in nondemented elderly subjects. Randomized trials are needed to determine the impact of vitamin B12 and folate supplementation on preventing cognitive decline in the elderly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02484.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,12]],"date-time":"2011-11-12T15:51:34Z","timestamp":1321113094000},"page":"204-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Associations between serum homocysteine, holotranscobalamin, folate and cognition in the elderly: a longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"271","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Hooshmand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"K\u00e5reholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rusanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"H\u00e4nninen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Leivisk\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Winblad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Laatikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Soininen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kivipelto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.021634"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26947A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f88162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2009.02590.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011613"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000051275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"153","article-title":"Homocysteine: a marker for cognitive performance? A longitudinal follow\u2010up study","volume":"7","author":"Teunissen CE","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10440"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/59.12.1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.9.1188"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20645"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn.82.3.627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.5.1384"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000341272.48617.b0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26969"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000325581.26991.f2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.3.636"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.149286"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000239727.59575.da"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.4.866"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01437.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.12.1683"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000097995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","first-page":"598","article-title":"Determination by PCR\u2010RFLP of apo E genotype in a Japanese population","volume":"121","author":"Tsukamoto K","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00438-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26947D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh553"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043798-200304000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)00232-F"}],"container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2796.2011.02484.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02484.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T00:43:07Z","timestamp":1698626587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02484.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,30]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02484.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02484.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6820","1365-2796"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6820","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2796","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,30]]}}}