{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:21:28Z","timestamp":1791591688542,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,25]],"date-time":"2012-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract.\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Bachert C, Zhang N (Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium). Chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma: novel understanding of the role of IgE \u2018above atopy\u2019 (Review).\n                    <jats:italic>J Intern Med<\/jats:italic>\n                    2012;\n                    <jats:bold>272<\/jats:bold>\n                    : 133\u2013143.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects more than 10% of the European population and is often associated with asthma. Phenotypes of CRS can be differentiated based on mucosal remodelling and inflammatory patterns. Understanding the role of central mediators, such as interleukin\u20105, in these different phenotypes may lead to the development of specific therapeutic approaches. The impact of staphylococcal superantigens has been shown to further modify the immune response, contributing to persistent severe disease via the activation of T and B cells and the formation of local IgE. It is clear that these mechanisms are involved in the systemic spread of upper airway disease with resulting asthma comorbidity, when IgE antibodies to staphylococcal enterotoxins are present at measurable levels in serum. Recent findings point to superantigens as possible causal agents in the intrinsic form of severe asthma, and an anti\u2010IgE strategy has shown promising therapeutic potential in nonatopic patients with nasal polyps and asthma. These findings should lead to a clinically relevant endotyping of patients with upper and lower airway disease and to a new understanding of the role of IgE \u2018above atopy\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2012.02559.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T09:45:34Z","timestamp":1365759934000},"page":"133-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["Chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma: novel understanding of the role of IgE \u2018above atopy\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"272","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Bachert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"European position paper on rhinosinusitis 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