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Rats were randomly assigned to either an <jats:italic>ad lib<\/jats:italic> sedentary group (AL), a control wheel activity group (ACT), a food restriction\u2010induced hyperactivity group (FR\u2010ACT) group (1.5\u2003h\/day <jats:italic>ad lib<\/jats:italic> food, 22.5\u2003h\/day <jats:italic>ad lib<\/jats:italic> wheel access) or a pair\u2010fed group (FR). The BN and Lew rats reached the 25% body weight\u2010loss criterion of FR\u2010ACT (strain effect: F<jats:sub>2,132<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u200345.58, P\u2003&lt;\u200310\u20136) faster than the F344 strain due to higher food restriction\u2010induced running activity (strain effect: F<jats:sub>2,65<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u200317.43, P\u2003=\u20030.00001). FR and FR\u2010ACT decreased thymus weight (marker of integrated HPA axis activation) in all strains. In Lew and BN strains, FR\u2010ACT induced a further decrement on thymus weight compared to their FR group. Prefeeding corticosterone levels (15.00\u2003h) increased during the study in BN and Lew FR\u2010ACT rats, but not in F344. Total wheel turns were correlated to both final adipose weight (r\u2003<jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic>\u2003\u22120.49, P\u2003=\u20030.002) and thymus weight decrement (r\u2003<jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic>\u20030.59, P\u2003=\u20030.0001), emphasizing the relationship between fat mass and HPA axis activation in excessive running activity. Increased running in conditions of food restriction and HPA axis activation may be linked at the level of the central nervous system. However, the involvement of corticotrophin\u2010releasing hormone, agouti\u2010related peptide or cocaine\u2010 and amphetamine\u2010regulated transcript in behavioural disturbances of FR\u2010ACT rats was excluded (<jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization). We propose that corticosterone may be the link between initial low levels of fat mass and\/or rate of fat mass loss (peripheral energy stores) and increased wheel activity, favouring fueling through lipolysis and proteolysis and reinforcing the self starvation via reward mechanisms, thus establishing a deleterious vicious cycle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2005.01367.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,29]],"date-time":"2005-09-29T07:33:25Z","timestamp":1127979205000},"page":"740-752","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Genetic Differences in Hypothalamic\u2010Pituitary\u2010Adrenal Axis Activity and Food Restriction\u2010induced Hyperactivity in Three Inbred Strains of 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