{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T07:21:43Z","timestamp":1758266503081,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,27]],"date-time":"2007-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroendocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Oestradiol and progesterone act in the hypothalamus to coordinate the timing of lordosis and ovulation in female rats in part through regulation of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) signalling pathways. Soluble guanylyl cyclase is an enzyme that produces cyclic GMP when stimulated by NO and plays a crucial role in the display of lordosis behaviour. We examined the effects of oestradiol and progesterone on the stimulation of cyclic GMP synthesis by NO\u2010dependent and independent activators of soluble guanylyl cyclase in preoptic\u2010hypothalamic and hippocampal slices. Ovariectomised Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were injected with oestradiol (2\u2003\u00b5g oestradiol benzoate, s.c.) or vehicle for 2\u2003days. Progesterone (500\u2003\u00b5g, s.c.) or vehicle was injected 44\u2003h after the first dose of oestradiol. Rats were killed 48\u2003h after the first oestradiol or vehicle injection, and hypothalamus and hippocampus were obtained. NO\u2010dependent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase was induced by NO donors, sodium nitroprusside or diethylamine NONOate; NO\u2010independent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase was induced with 3\u2010(5\u2032\u2010hydroxymethyl\u20102\u2032\u2010furyl)\u20101\u2010benzyl indazole and 5\u2032\u2010cyclopropyl\u20102\u2010[1\u20132fluoro\u2010benzyl)\u20101H\u2010pyrazolo[3,4\u2010b]pyridine\u20103\u2010yl]pyridine\u20104\u2010ylamine. The NO\u2010dependent activators of soluble guanylyl cyclase produced a concentration\u2010dependent increase in cyclic GMP accumulation and induced significantly greater cyclic GMP accumulation in preoptic\u2010hypothalamic slices from animals treated with oestradiol and progesterone than in slices from rats injected with vehicle, oestradiol or progesterone alone. Hormones did not modify soluble guanylyl cyclase activation by NO\u2010independent stimulators or influence NO content in preoptic\u2010hypothalamic slices. Oestradiol and progesterone did not affect activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase in hippocampal slices by any pharmacological agent, indicating a strong regional selectivity for the hormone effect. Thus, oestradiol and progesterone, administered<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, enhance the ability of NO to activate soluble guanylyl cyclase in brain areas modulating female reproductive function without an effect on production of NO itself.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2007.01546.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,27]],"date-time":"2007-03-27T11:20:12Z","timestamp":1174994412000},"page":"418-425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Regulation of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Activity by Oestradiol and Progesterone in the Hypothalamus But Not Hippocampus of Female Rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Reyna\u2010Neyra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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