{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:38:46Z","timestamp":1791200326598,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,22]],"date-time":"2004-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study purpose was to assess inter\u2010 and intra\u2010individual variability in neurobehavioral function near the circadian nadir during sleep deprivation and conduct exploratory factor analyses to assess relationships among alertness and performance measures during sleep deprivation. Twenty\u2010five healthy individuals (16 females) aged 18\u201325\u2003years participated. Participants were sleep deprived for two nights under controlled laboratory conditions using a modified constant routine procedure. A comprehensive battery of neurobehavioral performance tests, subjective sleepiness (SSS), and objective alertness (MWT) were assessed. Seventeen of the 22 neurobehavioral measures were impaired by sleep deprivation (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01). The use of multiple neurobehavioral performance measures revealed impairments for all individuals during sleep deprivation. However, sleep deprivation effects were task dependent within and between individuals. Gender contributed minimally to inter\u2010individual variability in performance. Exploratory factor analysis reduced the 22 measures to seven independent factors. Our findings indicate that no individual was especially vulnerable or resistant to the performance impairing effects of sleep deprivation. Instead, inter\u2010 and intra\u2010individual variability in performance during sleep deprivation was task dependent. The finding that subjective sleepiness and objective alertness were not related to any performance measure during sleep deprivation suggests that these measures may assess independent brain functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2004.00429.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,22]],"date-time":"2004-11-22T14:44:43Z","timestamp":1101134683000},"page":"305-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Inter\u2010 and intra\u2010individual variability in performance near the circadian nadir during sleep deprivation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Danielle J.","family":"Frey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Badia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Kenneth P.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1990.0096"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"127","volume-title":"The effects of sleep deprivation on performance during continuous combat operations","author":"Belenky G.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(91)90074-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/001401398185956"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1981.tb02921.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"862","article-title":"Female exposure to high G: performance of simulated flight after 24\u2003hours of sleep deprivation","volume":"69","author":"Chelette T. L.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200977"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"253","article-title":"Sustained attention performance during sleep deprivation: evidence of state instability","volume":"139","author":"Doran S. M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Ital. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.81.2.728"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00325-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.2001.1326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(03)00183-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/4.1.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1973.tb00801.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(85)90003-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)00908-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00197.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"346","article-title":"Effect of total sleep deprivation on reaction time and waking EEG activity in man","volume":"18","author":"Lorenzo I.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(82)90142-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0511(99)00045-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0075739"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.4.893"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(98)00073-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1196-1961.49.4.530"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-11-200606060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(03)00143-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/1174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/155005949702800311"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/155005949903000208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Caffeine effects on marksmanship during high\u2010stress military training with 72\u2003hour sleep deprivation","volume":"74","author":"Tharion W. J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","first-page":"415","article-title":"The Walter Reed performance assessment battery","volume":"7","author":"Thorne D. R.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurobehav. Toxicol. Tetratol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","unstructured":"United States Department of AgricultureNutritive Value of Foods (Human Nutrition Information Service: Home and Garden Bulletin Number 72).US Government Printing Office Washington DC 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.2.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.1998.00857.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138408963462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(99)00042-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.1997.00022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02557-9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2869.2004.00429.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2004.00429.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T12:16:08Z","timestamp":1697285768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2004.00429.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2004.00429.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2004.00429.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1105","1365-2869"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2869","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,22]]}}}