{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T08:57:00Z","timestamp":1789549020059,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,20]],"date-time":"2006-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1140393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep\u2010related breathing disorders (SDB) in a UK general heart failure (HF) population, and assess its impact on neurohumoral markers and symptoms of sleepiness and quality of life. Eighty\u2010four ambulatory patients (72 male, mean (SD) age 68.6 (10) yrs) attending UK HF clinics underwent an overnight recording of respiratory impedance, SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and heart rate using a portable monitor (Nexan). Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and urinary catecholamines were measured. Subjective sleepiness and the impairment in quality of life were assessed (Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), SF\u201036 Health Performance Score). SDB was classified using the Apnoea\/Hypopnoea Index (AHI). The prevalence of SDB (AHI\u2003&gt;\u200315 events\u2003h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) was 24%, increasing from 15% in mild\u2010to\u2010moderate HF to 39% in severe HF. Patients with SDB had significantly higher levels of BNP and noradrenaline than those without SDB (mean (SD) BNP: 187 (119) versus 73 (98) pg\u2003mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.02; noradrenaline: 309 (183) versus 225 (148) nmol\/24\u2003h, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.05). There was no significant difference in reported sleepiness or in any domain of SF\u201036, between groups with and without SDB (ESS: 7.8 (4.7) versus 7.5 (3.6), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.87). In summary, in a general HF clinic population, the prevalence of SDB increased with the severity of HF. Patients with SDB had higher activation of a neurohumoral marker and more severe HF. Unlike obstructive sleep apnoea, SDB in HF had little discernible effect on sleepiness or quality of life as measured by standard subjective scales.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2006.00494.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,20]],"date-time":"2006-02-20T08:53:33Z","timestamp":1140425613000},"page":"81-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Sleep\u2010disordered breathing in a general heart failure population: relationships to neurohumoral activation and subjective symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"ARCHANA","family":"RAO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PANAGIOTA","family":"GEORGIADOU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DARREL P.","family":"FRANCIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANDREW","family":"JOHNSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DIMITRIS TH.","family":"KREMASTINOS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANITA K.","family":"SIMONDS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANDREW J. 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