{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T03:27:49Z","timestamp":1784431669775,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have indicated a high degree of overlap between insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea, but little is known regarding how the overlap may affect adverse outcomes associated with each of the disorders. The aim of the current study was to examine the separate and combined effects of symptoms of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea on long\u2010term sick leave. We used an historical cohort design with 4\u00a0years follow\u2010up. Information on sick leave was obtained from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orwegian official registry data, and merged with health information from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ordaland <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tudy in western <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orway, 1997\u201399. A total of 6892 participants aged 40\u201345\u00a0years were assessed for self\u2010reported symptoms of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea (snoring and breathing cessations), as well as confounding factors. The level of overlap between insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea was low (7\u201312%). Both insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea alone were significant risk factors for subsequent sick leave after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratios ranging from 1.4 to 2.3). Having comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea increased the risk significantly. There was an additive interaction effect between the two conditions in the unadjusted analyses, but this was reduced to a non\u2010significant level when adjusting for confounders. This study is the first to report the separate and combined effects of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea on any adverse outcome. Having both insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea increased the risk of later sick leave, but there was no evidence of an independent synergy effect of the two conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01055.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T10:46:17Z","timestamp":1349779577000},"page":"223-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The joint contribution of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea on sickness absence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"B\u00f8rge","family":"Sivertsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Mental Health Division of Mental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Division of Psychiatry Helse Fonna HF Haugesund Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erla","family":"Bj\u00f6rnsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"\u00d8verland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Mental Health Division of Mental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Research Centre for Health Promotion University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Bjorvatn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Salo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-7835-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2008.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2011.00972.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.3.600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.8.1567"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.4.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/18.8.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.3.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"Husk Research Center[Analyses of non\u2010responder in the HUSK study] 2004. Available at:http:\/\/www.uib.no\/isf\/husk\/Vedlegg_dokumenter\/FrafallsanalyseHUSK9799.pdf(accessed 20 May 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/11.5.430","article-title":"Identifying sleep apnea from self\u2010reports","volume":"11","author":"Kapuniai L. E.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"The psychometric properties of the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire","volume":"1","author":"Kecklund G.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.6.1923"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.1.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2011.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27772"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(97)00002-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7084.860"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.6.875"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-199511000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.10.1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049833"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00044908"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00697.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304293281704"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sleep Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2869.2012.01055.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01055.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T16:39:04Z","timestamp":1700671144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01055.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01055.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01055.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1105","1365-2869"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2869","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]]}}}