{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:14:41Z","timestamp":1763036081812},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,5]],"date-time":"2005-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1128470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Pharm &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and tissue fluid distribution of cephalexin in the adult horse following oral and i.v. administration. Cephalexin hydrate (10\u2003mg\/kg) was administered to horses i.v. and plasma samples were collected. Following a washout period, cephalexin (30\u2003mg\/kg) was administered intragastrically. Plasma, interstitial fluid (ISF) aqueous humor, and urine samples were collected. All samples were analyzed by high\u2010pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Following i.v. administration, cephalexin had a plasma half\u2010life (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>) of 2.02\u2003h and volume of distribution [<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>d(ss)<\/jats:sub>] of 0.25\u2003L\/kg. Following oral administration, the average maximum plasma concentration (<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) was 3.47\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL and an apparent half\u2010life (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>) of 1.64\u2003h. Bioavailability was approximately 5.0%. The <jats:italic>AUC<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>ISF<\/jats:sub>:<jats:italic>AUC<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>plasma<\/jats:sub> ratio was 80.55% which corresponded to the percentage protein\u2010unbound drug in the plasma (77.07%). The <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub> in the ISF was 2.49\u2003h. Cephalexin was not detected in the aqueous humor. The octanol:water partition coefficient was 0.076\u2003\u00b1\u20030.025. Cephalexin was concentrated in the urine with an average concentration of 47.59\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL. No adverse events were noted during this study. This study showed that cephalexin at a dose of 30\u2003mg\/kg administered orally at 8\u2003h dosage intervals in horses can produce plasma and interstitial fluid drug concentrations that are in a range recommended to treat susceptible gram\u2010positive bacteria (<jats:italic>MIC<\/jats:italic>\u2003\u2264\u20030.5\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL). Because of the low oral bioavailability of cephalexin in the horse, the effect of chronic dosing on the normal intestinal bacterial flora requires further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2005.00683.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,5]],"date-time":"2005-10-05T12:24:36Z","timestamp":1128515076000},"page":"425-431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Pharmacokinetics and tissue fluid distribution of cephalexin in the horse after oral and i.v. administration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"J. L.","family":"DAVIS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"SALMON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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