{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T16:41:23Z","timestamp":1791132083267,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,13]],"date-time":"2007-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1176422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Pharm &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Different pharmacological approaches have been used in an attempt to increase the systemic availability of anthelmintic drugs. The comparative effect of the itraconazole (ITZ)\u2010mediated modulation of P\u2010glycoprotein (P\u2010gp) activity on the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> kinetic behaviour of ivermectin (IVM) administered by the intravenous (i.v.) and intraruminal (i.r.) routes to sheep was assessed in the current work. Corriedale sheep received IVM (50\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/kg) by the i.v. route either alone (group A) or co\u2010administered with the P\u2010gp modulator ITZ (100\u2003mg orally three times every 12\u2003h) (group B). Animals in groups C and D were intraruminally treated with IVM (50\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/kg) alone or co\u2010administered with ITZ (100\u2003mg orally three times every 12\u2003h) respectively. Jugular blood and gastrointestinal tissue samples (animals treated by the i.r. route) were collected. The samples were analysed by HPLC using fluorescence detection. The plasma disposition of IVM given intravenously was unaffected by the presence of ITZ. However, after the i.r. treatment the co\u2010administration with ITZ resulted in markedly higher IVM plasma concentration profiles compared to the control group. Likewise, the presence of ITZ enhanced the IVM concentration profiles measured in the gastrointestinal mucosal tissues. An ITZ\u2010induced reduction on the P\u2010gp efflux activity at the intestinal lining may have accounted for the greater absorption and enhanced systemic availability observed for IVM in the intraruminally treated animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2007.00848.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,7]],"date-time":"2007-05-07T13:01:51Z","timestamp":1178542911000},"page":"242-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Involvement of P\u2010glycoprotein on ivermectin kinetic behaviour in sheep: itraconazole\u2010mediated changes on gastrointestinal 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