{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T15:44:49Z","timestamp":1697298289709},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,17]],"date-time":"2005-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1116288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co\u2010infection is common among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The incidence and risk factors associated with hepatotoxicity in this population after high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is initiated are still not well\u2010understood. We argued to evaluate the incidence and risk factors associated with liver enzyme elevation (LEE) and their clinical significance. A retrospective chart review of patients who started HAART and had follow up at our centre for at least 1\u2003year was undertaken. The frequency and severity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)\/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) elevation after treatment initiation were investigated and searched for clinical manifestations.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Between January 1996 and March 2002, 85 HIV\u2010HCV co\u2010infected patients began HAART and continued follow up for at least 1\u2003year. The incidence of severe toxicity [grades 3\u2003+\u20034 LEE: &gt;5 and &gt;10 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) of ALT or AST] was calculated at 4% per person\u2010years. There were no clinical manifestations of liver toxicity, and patients continued their treatment with a trend towards a decrease of their enzymes. No statistical differences in opportunistic infections or mortality were evident. The variables associated with severe hepatotoxicity were a higher baseline AST, higher international normalized ratio (INR) and lower albumin. A baseline AST\u2003&lt;\u20032.1 ULN had a negative predictive value of 92% of leading to severe hepatotoxicity.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In HIV\u2010HCV co\u2010infected patients therefore, the group at a higher risk of developing higher transaminase elevations is the one with a higher baseline AST, higher INR and lower albumin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2005.00617.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,30]],"date-time":"2005-06-30T12:57:27Z","timestamp":1120136247000},"page":"429-434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Liver enzymes elevation after HAART in HIV\u2010HCV co\u2010infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Servin\u2010Abad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Baracco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Arosemena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Regev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Jeffers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Schiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803263381301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.23.2220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00390-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007506617734"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)05413-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300409"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Influence of hepatitis C virus genotypes and HIV infection on histological severity of chronic hepatitis C. The Hepatitis\/HIV Spanish Study Group","volume":"92","author":"Garcia\u2010Samaniego J","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1996.6192064.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01691375"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.26517"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07642-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80198-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520281"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00331-9"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","first-page":"412","article-title":"Effects of double and triple antiretroviral agents on the HCV viral load in patients coinfected with HIV and HCV","volume":"46","author":"Gavazzi G","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pathol Biol (Paris)"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"116","article-title":"Enhacement of hepatitis C virus replication and liver damage in HIV coinfected patients on antiretroviral therapy","volume":"12","author":"Vento S","year":"1998","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315529"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200001280-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514987"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","first-page":"316","article-title":"Risk factors for hepatotoxicity in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"27","author":"Bonfanti P","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200012010-00012"},{"issue":"51","key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","first-page":"1153","article-title":"Serious adverse events attributed to nevirapine regimens for postexposure prophylaxis after HIV exposures \u2013 worldwide 1997\u20132000","volume":"49","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200107060-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/317449"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","volume-title":"Table of Grading Severity of Adult Adverse Experiences","author":"AIDS Clinical Trials Group","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200012220-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200303010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","first-page":"114","article-title":"Low frequency of severe hepatotoxicity and association with HCV coinfection in HIV\u2010positive patients treated with HAART","volume":"28","author":"Monteforte A","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/321819"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2893.2005.00617.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2005.00617.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T15:12:53Z","timestamp":1697296373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2005.00617.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,28]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2005.00617.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2005.00617.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,28]]}}}