{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:17:58Z","timestamp":1792099078426,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,27]],"date-time":"2007-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Liver disease is frequently seen in HIV+ patients as a result of coinfection with hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) viruses, alcohol abuse and\/or exposure to hepatotoxic drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of liver cirrhosis, its main causes and clinical presentation in HIV+ patients. Observational, cross\u2010sectional, retrospective study of all HIV+ individuals followed at one reference HIV outpatient clinic in Madrid. Liver fibrosis was measured in all cases using transient elastometry (FibroScan<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>). All 2168 HIV+ patients on regular follow\u2010up (76% males, 46% injecting drug users) were successfully examined by FibroScan<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> between October 2004 and August 2006. Liver cirrhosis was recognized in 181 (overall prevalence, 8.3%), and the main aetiologies were HCV, 82.3%; HBV, 1.6%; dual HBV\/HCV, 2.8%; and triple HBV\/HCV\/ hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, 6.6%. The prevalence of cirrhosis differed among patients with distinct chronic viral hepatitis: HCV, 19.2%; HBV, 6.1%; HBV\/HCV, 41.7%; and HBV\/HCV\/HDV, 66.7%. In 12 patients with cirrhosis (6.7%), no definite aetiology was recognized. Overall, cirrhotics had lower mean CD4 counts than noncirrhotics (408 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 528 cells\/\u03bcL respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.02), despite similar proportion of subjects with undetectable viraemia on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clinical manifestations of liver cirrhosis were: splenomegaly, 61.5%; oesophageal varices, 59.8%; ascites, 22.6%; encephalopathy, 12.1%; and variceal bleeding, 6.1%. Liver cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation events are relatively frequent in HIV+ individuals. Chronic HCV and alcohol abuse, but not chronic HBV, play a major role. Transient elastometry may allow the identification of a significant number of HIV+ individuals with asymptomatic liver cirrhosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2007.00903.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,28]],"date-time":"2007-08-28T06:51:50Z","timestamp":1188283910000},"page":"165-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Liver cirrhosis in HIV\u2010infected patients: prevalence, aetiology and clinical outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Castellares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Barreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Mart\u00edn\u2010Carbonero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Labarga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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