{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:37:48Z","timestamp":1792798668904,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,6]],"date-time":"2008-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Silymarin, a standardized extract of the milk thistle (<jats:italic>Silybum marianum<\/jats:italic>), has a long tradition as a herbal remedy, and was introduced as a hepatoprotective agent a few years ago. However, the therapeutic effects of silymarin remain undefined. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) is a xenobiotic used extensively to induce oxidative stress and is one of the most widely used hepatic toxins for experimental induction of liver fibrosis in the laboratory. In this study, we investigated the restoration of the CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced hepatic fibrosis by high dose of silymarin in rats. After treatment with oil (as normal group; <jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>6) or CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> [as model (<jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>7) and therapeutic (<jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>7) groups] by intragastric delivery for 8\u2003weeks for the induction of liver fibrosis, the rats in the normal and model group were administered orally normal saline four times a week for 3\u2003weeks whilst the therapeutic group received silymarin (200\u2003mg\/kg). The histopathological changes were observed with Masson staining. The results showed that the restoration of the CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced damage of liver fibrosis in the therapeutic group was significantly increased as compared to that in the model group. Moreover, silymarin significantly decreased the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in serum, and also reversed the altered expressions of \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin in liver tissue. Therefore, these findings indicated that silymarin may have the potential to increase the resolution of the CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced liver fibrosis in rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2008.00971.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]],"date-time":"2008-04-07T01:47:37Z","timestamp":1207532857000},"page":"508-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Effects of silymarin on the resolution of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"J. H.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. T.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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