{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T03:16:24Z","timestamp":1789614984439,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,29]],"date-time":"2012-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.\u2002<\/jats:bold> Pegylated interferon\u2010\u03b1 (PEG\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1) plus ribavirin (RBV) treatment fails to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) in approximately 20\u201350% of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We assessed the contribution of an anti\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1 neutralizing antibody (NAb) on the nonresponse to treatment. NAbs were detected using an antiviral assay that assessed the neutralizing effects of serum samples against IFN. Serum samples were obtained at the end of the treatment and evaluated for the presence of NAbs using recombinant IFN\u2010\u03b1 as a standard. We studied 129 PEG\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1\/RBV\u2010treated patients. In the 82 end\u2010of\u2010treatment responders, no NAbs were detected. Of the 47 patients who did not respond, seven (15%) were positive for NAbs. We also examined an additional 83 patients who had not responded to PEG\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1 treatment, and detected 12 with NAbs. Patients with good IFN\u2010responsive characteristics, including HCV genotype 2\/3 and major allele homozygotes for <jats:italic>interleukin\u201028B<\/jats:italic>, were included in the 19 patients with NAbs. No NAbs interfered with the antiviral activity of natural human IFN\u2010\u03b2 (nIFN\u2010\u03b2) and re\u2010treatement of patients with NAbs with nIFN\u2010\u03b2\/RBV achieved SVR. Our analyses revealed that the emergence of anti\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1 NAbs was a candidate causal factor of PEG\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1\u2010treatment failure. Therefore, these antibodies should be assayed in patients who do not respond to PEG\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1 therapy, and if detected, other effective treatments, i.e., medications that are not neutralized by anti\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b1 NAbs, should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2012.01598.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,29]],"date-time":"2012-05-29T07:51:08Z","timestamp":1338277868000},"page":"694-703","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Anti\u2010interferon\u2010\u03b1 neutralizing antibody is associated with nonresponse to pegylated interferon\u2010\u03b1 plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis 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