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This study was aimed to evaluate the gene expression of ROR\u03b1 and ROR\u03b3t and their potential role in ACHBLF. Forty patients with liver failure, 30 with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 20 healthy controls were studied. The mRNA levels of ROR\u03b1 and ROR\u03b3t in peripheral mononuclear cells were determined by quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction. The frequency of peripheral Th17 cells was determined using flow cytometry. The serum levels of interleukin\u20106(IL\u20106), transforming growth factor \u2013\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2), interleukin\u201017(IL\u201017), interleukin\u201023(IL\u201023) and interferon\u2010\u03b3 (IFN\u2010\u03b3) were measured by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. The frequency of peripheral Th17 cells in patients with liver failure was significantly increased compared to patients with CHB and controls. The peripheral mRNA levels of ROR\u03b1 and ROR\u03b3t in hepatitis B\u2010associated acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure were significantly higher than in patients with CHB and controls as were the serum levels of IL\u20106 and TGF\u2010\u03b2. The serum level of IFN\u2010\u03b3 in patients with acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure from HBV was significantly higher than patients with CHB but lower than controls. In patients with acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure associated with HBV, ROR\u03b3t, IL\u20106 and IL\u201023 were positively correlated with the frequency of Th17 cells, while ROR\u03b1, TGF\u2010\u03b2 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 had no correlation with the latter. The mRNA level of ROR\u03b3t was positively correlated with model of end\u2010stage liver disease (MELD) score, but there was no correlation of ROR\u03b1 and MELD score. ROR\u03b3t plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute\u2010on\u2010chronic HBV\u2010associated liver failure and might be considered to be a candidate factor consistent with the severity of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2012.01603.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,3]],"date-time":"2012-04-03T12:18:57Z","timestamp":1333455537000},"page":"811-822","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Increased peripheral ROR\u03b1 and ROR\u03b3t mRNA expression is associated with acute\u2010on\u2010chronic hepatitis B liver 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