{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:43:51Z","timestamp":1780584231183,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]],"date-time":"2011-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1318377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The minimum water temperature for development (t\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and the thermal constant (K) for the development of immature stages of\n                    <jats:italic>Simulium damnosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    s.l. (Diptera: Simuliidae) in West Africa were estimated as 20.1 \u00b0C and 93 day\u2010degrees, respectively, based on analyses of published data on development rates of eggs, larvae and pupae at different water temperatures (24.0 \u00b0C and 31.5 \u00b0C). Thus, at a constant water temperature of 30.0 \u00b0C (approximately 10 \u00b0C above t\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), adult flies would emerge about 9 days after oviposition. Analysis of a dataset probably restricted to\n                    <jats:italic>S. damnosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    s.s., but for which the temperature for the egg stage varied, revealed a much lower t\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    (16.3 \u00b0C) and a much higher K (181 day\u2010degrees), suggesting that the insects' thermal relations may be cytoform\u2010specific. The results will aid control decisions and predictions of possible effects of climate change on sizes and geographic distributions of populations of onchocerciasis vectors in West Africa.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2011.00980.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]],"date-time":"2011-10-12T07:00:45Z","timestamp":1318402845000},"page":"236-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The thermal constant of the onchocerciasis vector\n                    <i>Simulium damnosum<\/i>\n                    s.l. in West Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"R. A.","family":"CHEKE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","unstructured":"Balay G.(1968)Rapport d\u2019enqu\u00eate entomologique dans les foyers d\u2019onchocercose de l\u2019Ouest de la R\u00e9publique du Niger.Organization for Coordination and Cooperation against Endemic Diseases (OCCGE) Centre Muraz (no. 158\/Oncho\/30.10.1968)."},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"The Mbwa fly and problems of its control.","volume":"16","author":"Barnley H.","year":"1952","journal-title":"Uganda Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1210-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1965.11720810"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2402197"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","volume-title":"Simulium and Onchocerciasis in the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast","author":"Crisp G.","year":"1956"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/29.1.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Rythmes circadiens des m\u00e9tamorphoses et dur\u00e9e de d\u00e9veloppement des stades pr\u00e9imaginaux de Simulium damnosum s.l. 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Analyse de l\u2019eau des gites larvaires en saison des pluies; comparaison avec la saison s\u00e8che.","volume":"15","author":"Quill\u00e9v\u00e9r\u00e9 D.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cahiers ORSTOM S\u00e9rie Entomologie, M\u00e9dicale et Parasitologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_1","first-page":"447","article-title":"A method of rearing Simulium damnosum Theobald (Diptera, Simuliidae) under artificial conditions.","volume":"37","author":"Raybould J.N.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Present progress towards laboratory colonization of African Simuliidae (Diptera).","volume":"26","author":"Raybould J.N.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_17_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Dur\u00e9e du d\u00e9veloppement des stades pr\u00e9imaginaux de Simulium sirbanum Vajime & Dunbar, 1975 \u00e0 la limite nord de son aire de r\u00e9partition en Afrique occidentale. Note pr\u00e9liminaire.","volume":"18","author":"S\u00e9chan Y.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cahiers ORSTOM S\u00e9rie Entomologie, M\u00e9dicale et Parasitologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2311.1931.tb00696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_19_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"Chromosomal identification of eight species of the subgenus Edwardsellum near and including Simulium (Edwardsellum) damnosum Theobald (Diptera: Simuliidae).","volume":"26","author":"Vajime C.G.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/1801059a0"}],"container-title":["Medical and Veterinary Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2915.2011.00980.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2011.00980.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:42:16Z","timestamp":1762274536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2011.00980.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2011.00980.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2011.00980.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-283X","1365-2915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-283X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-10-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}