{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:10:44Z","timestamp":1792271444238,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]],"date-time":"2012-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1353369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Coping strategies including smoke screens are used against nuisance bites of\n                    <jats:italic>Simulium damnosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    Theobald (Diptera:Simuliidae) in onchocerciasis endemic communities. To find more effective alternatives, the efficacy of commercially available\n                    <jats:italic>N,N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010diethyl\u20103\u2010methylbenzamide (DEET) products with active concentrations of 9.5, 13, 25, 50 and 98.1\u2013100% and \u2018NO MAS,\u2019 (active component: para\u2010menthane\u20103,8\u2010diol and lemon grass oil) were tested at Bui\u2010Agblekame, Ghana. A Latin square study design was implemented using eight groups of two vector collectors each, who used repellents (treatment), mineral oil or nothing each day until the end of the study. Flies were caught and their numbers each hour recorded using the standard methods for onchocerciasis transmission studies.\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010tests were used to compare the mean duration of protection and a one\u2010way analysis of variance controlling for catchers and repellents was performed. Tukey's test was used to compare protection by repellents and mineral oil. The highest percentage protection was 80.8% by NO MAS and the least 42.5% by the 13% DEET product. The period of absolute protection was 5 h by NO MAS and 1 h by 50% DEET product. No significant increase in protection was offered beyond 25% active DEET products and no significance was observed in terms of catcher \u00d7 repellent effect (\n                    <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1.731, d.f. = 48,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.209).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01054.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]],"date-time":"2012-11-20T08:58:17Z","timestamp":1353401897000},"page":"226-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of DEET and non\u2010DEET\u2010based insect repellents against bites of\n                    <i>Simulium damnosum<\/i>\n                    vectors of onchocerciasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"M. D.","family":"WILSON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"OSEI\u2010ATWENEBOANA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. A.","family":"BOAKYE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"OSEI\u2010AKOTO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"OBUOBI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"WIAFE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"KISZEWSKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00130568"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2915.1998.00118.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"364","article-title":"The dose\u2010persistence relationship of DEET against Aedes aegypti.","volume":"43","author":"Buescher M.D.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Mosquito News"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2987\/8756-971X(2006)22[507:PARBMR]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","article-title":"Community\u2010wide study of malaria reduction: evaluating efficacy and user\u2010acceptance of a low\u2010cost repellent in northern Ghana.","author":"Dadzie S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011699"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1742758400003076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"511","article-title":"Evaluation of cocoa oil for individual protection against Simulium damnosum s.l.","volume":"62","author":"Pitroipa X.","year":"2002","journal-title":"M\u00e9dicine Tropicale: Revue du Corps de Sant\u00e9 Colonial"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"Trials of garments impregnated with \u201cDeet\u201d repellent as an individual protection against Simulium damnosum s. 1. the vector of onchocerciasis in the savanna and forest regions of Cameroon.","volume":"95","author":"Renz A.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Entomology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2010.0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research\n            .","author":"Sokal R.R.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"104","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of coconut (Cocos nucifera), palm nut (Eleais guineensis) and gobi (Carapa procera) lotions and creams in indivirual protection against Simulium damnosum s.l. bites in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire.","volume":"96","author":"Sylla M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762006000200012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(78)90039-1"}],"container-title":["Medical and Veterinary Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2915.2012.01054.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01054.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T17:52:54Z","timestamp":1762278774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01054.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01054.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01054.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-283X","1365-2915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-283X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-11-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}