{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:46:12Z","timestamp":1762274772745,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]],"date-time":"2006-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    This paper describes the central role of \u2018external\u2019 evaluation, provided by an independent researcher, in developing an innovative curriculum for new professional roles with surgery. Workforce changes affecting the National Health Service provided an opportunity to develop 2 new roles and design training programmes to support them. The perioperative specialist practitioner (PSP) role was designed from scratch, while surgical care practitioner (SCP) training built on existing practice. Training programmes combined formal modules at Imperial College London (approximately 48\u2003days over 10\u2003months) with supervised clinical practice in each participant's base hospital. Programmes balanced factual knowledge, clinical and communication skills, professional issues and personal development and used a range of innovative techniques.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Evaluation methods\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    A qualitative approach based on a utilisation\u2010focused model monitored the development and implementation of 4 pilot PSP and SCP training programmes. A total of 124 individual and 48 group interviews were conducted at intervals over 3\u2003years, sampling course participants, the project team clinical supervisors and administrators. An independent researcher collected, analysed and presented data at key stages, feeding back findings to the project team as the programmes evolved.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Discussion\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Effective training programmes for new roles can be developed, but the process is time\u2010consuming and requires sensitivity. An independent evaluator offers great benefits, modulating the collaborative partnership between participants and project team. Positive responses (relating to content and teaching methods) from our study enabled us to refine a learner\u2010centred programme. Negative responses often demanded immediate action to address important concerns, and evaluation provided early warning. External evaluation provides a vital perspective in the development of curricula supporting new roles.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02558.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]],"date-time":"2006-08-31T05:37:34Z","timestamp":1157002654000},"page":"987-994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Innovative training for new surgical roles\u2003\u2212\u2003the place of evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"R L","family":"Kneebone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Nestel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Chrzanowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A E","family":"Barnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Darzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,20]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Utilisation\u2010Focused Evaluation","year":"1986","author":"Patton MQ.","key":"e_1_2_16_2_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_2","unstructured":"BuchanJ CalmanL.Skill mix and policy change in the health workforce: nurses in advanced roles. OECD Health Working Papers no. 17.19 October 2004."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7495.803"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_5_2","first-page":"891","article-title":"The medical care practitioner: newspeak and the duping of the public","volume":"54","author":"Heath I.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_6_2","article-title":"Nurses \u2018to carry out routine operations\u2019","author":"Mulholland H.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Guardian"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_2","article-title":"NHS revolution: nurses to train as surgeons","author":"Lawrence J.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Independent"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7339.735"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7362.485"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_2","first-page":"735","article-title":"American idea of physician assistants can be anglicised","volume":"324","author":"Fenn W.","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2003.01502_9.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.37.s1.2.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2002.01261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2004.01959.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0740-5472(94)90044-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2004.01778.x"}],"container-title":["Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2929.2006.02558.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02558.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:36:21Z","timestamp":1762274181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02558.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,20]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02558.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02558.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0308-0110","1365-2923"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0308-0110"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2923"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-09-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}