{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:38:11Z","timestamp":1791380291580,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1340755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":1161,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hymenopteran species with single\u2010locus complimentary sex\u2010determination (sl\u2010CSD) face an additional cost of inbreeding because of a loss of diversity at the sex\u2010determining locus. Laboratory studies of a range of Hymenoptera have found that a small percentage of diploid males produce viable diploid sperm, and that if these males mate, then the resultant females produce triploid offspring that are sterile. Here, we use microsatellite markers to determine the frequency of triploid individuals of<jats:italic>Bombus muscorum<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>B.\u00a0jonellus<\/jats:italic>in a model island system. Triploids were found in populations of both species. Observed triploid frequencies of up to 8% were detected, and estimated total frequencies peaked at 20% with respect to normal diploid workers. For both species, triploid frequency was negatively correlated with surrogates of population size, providing direct evidence for inbreeding in small populations. Populations limited to &lt;\u223c15\u2003km<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>of suitable habitat were particularly likely to harbour triploids. Estimated total triploid frequencies were higher in<jats:italic>B.\u00a0muscorum<\/jats:italic>than in<jats:italic>B.\u00a0jonellus<\/jats:italic>, perhaps due to the greater dispersal range of the latter species. Implications for the conservation of rare social hymenopterans are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294x.2012.05679.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T17:54:09Z","timestamp":1340819649000},"page":"3988-3995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Triploid bumblebees indicate a direct cost of inbreeding in fragmented populations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"DARVILL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"LEPAIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. C.","family":"WOODALL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"GOULSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2311.1992.tb01032.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CHRO.0000021880.83639.4b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133388"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1537330"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/79.2.213","article-title":"Sex determination in bees .2. Additivity of maleness genes in Apis mellifera","volume":"79","author":"Chaud\u2010Netto J","year":"1975","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1993.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-5347(95)90011-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-009-0590-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402481101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.22.010177.001403"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198549437.001.0001","volume-title":"Evolution of Social Insect Colonies","author":"Crozier RH","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0030-1299.2004.13510.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.02797.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2009.04423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01240420"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.1994.tb01793.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.03121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/140.2.679","article-title":"Microsatellite variation in honeybee (Apis mellifera L) populations \u2013 hierarchical genetic structure and test of the infinite allele and stepwise mutation models","volume":"140","author":"Estoup A","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1996.tb00288.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"238","article-title":"Nestmate recognition as an inbreeding avoidance mechanism in bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae)","volume":"65","author":"Foster RL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v008.i15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01517196"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2002.00392.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Sociobiology of Reproduction in Ants","author":"Holldobler B","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-10306-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00327974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1508\/cytologia.9.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/89.3.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.1999.00460.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00040-004-0754-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2004.0284"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","volume-title":"The Social Behaviour of the Bees","author":"Michener CD","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/apido\/2009004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.02908.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1995.0156"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.1994.9522996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01220.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1993.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4039\/Ent111289-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/g71-089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.14.4551"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00300676"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00040-007-0976-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1537009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/00291bm09"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-9-152"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2660(08)60120-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-9994-3-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/91.3.609"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.2001.00952.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502271102"}],"container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2012.05679.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05679.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T04:39:39Z","timestamp":1714106379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05679.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05679.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-294x.2012.05679.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1083","1365-294X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1083","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-294X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]]}}}