{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T12:54:24Z","timestamp":1791032064519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5108,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The response of non\u2010differentiating bacteria to nutrient starvation is complex and includes the sequential synthesis of starvation\u2010inducible proteins. Although starvation for different individual nutrients generally provokes unique and individual patterns of protein expression, some starvation stimulons share member proteins. Two\u2010dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the synthesis of a small (13.5 kDa) cytoplasmic protein in <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> was greatly increased during growth inhibition caused by the exhaustion of any of a variety of nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, sulphate, required amino acid) or by the presence of a variety of toxic agents including heavy metals, oxidants, acids and antibiotics. To determine further the mode of regulation of the protein designated UspA (\u00fcniversal stress pUrotein A) we cloned the gene encoding the protein by the technique of reverse genetics. We isolated the protein from a preparative two\u2010dimensional polyacrylamide gel, determined its <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010terminal amino acid sequence, and used this sequence to construct a degenerate oligonucleotide probe. Two phages of the Kohara library were found to contain the gene which then was subcloned from the DNA in the overlapping region of these two clones. The amino acid sequence, deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the <jats:italic>uspA<\/jats:italic> gene, shows no significant homology with any other known protein. The <jats:italic>uspA<\/jats:italic> gene maps at 77 min on the <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> W3110 chromosome, and is transcribed in a clockwise direction. The increase in the level of UspA during growth arrest was found to be primarily a result of transcriptional activation of the corresponding gene. The induction was independent of the RelA\/SpoT, RpoH, KatF, OmpR, AppY, Lrp, PhoB and H\u2010NS proteins during stress conditions that are known to induce or activate these global regulators. The \u201010 and \u201035 regions upstream of the transcriptional start site of the <jats:italic>uspA<\/jats:italic> gene are characteristic of a \u03c3<jats:sup>70<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent promoter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01774.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,28]],"date-time":"2006-10-28T00:11:06Z","timestamp":1161994266000},"page":"3187-3198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":199,"title":["Cloning, mapping and nucleotide sequencing of a gene encoding a universal stress protein in <i>Eschericha coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Nystr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick C.","family":"Neidhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.39.1.315-335.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3787","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07592.x","article-title":"Division genes in Escherichia coli are expressed coordinately to cell septum requirements by gearbox promotors","volume":"11","author":"Aldea M.","year":"1990","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.3.1683-1691.1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.54.2.130-197.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1987.tb00512.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.4.1109-1118.1992","article-title":"Characterization of the regulon controlled by the leucine\u2010responsive regulatory protein in Escherichia coli","volume":"174","author":"Ernsting B.R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bacleriol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.13.120179.002141"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.168.2.486-493.1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(81)90364-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90470-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.170.9.3910-3914.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.172.5.2779-2781.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.41.100187.000325"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90503-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01825.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.14.4474-4481.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"1318","volume-title":"Cellular and Molecular Biology","author":"Magasanik B.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)60500-9","article-title":"Protein sequence encoded by the relA and the spoT genes of Escherichia coli are interrelated","volume":"264","author":"Metzger S.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/17.23.9979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.119.3.736-747.1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.18.120184.001455"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)41496-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00341733"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00267626","article-title":"Functional mRNA half\u2010lives in Escherichia coli","volume":"166","author":"Pedersen S.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Mol Gen Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.9.3271"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual","author":"Sambrook J.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)67860-9","article-title":"Pleiotropic effects of overexpression of the relA gene in Escherichia coli","volume":"266","author":"Schreiber G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.154.1.336-343.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(75)80083-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.13.5321"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role of cAMP in bacteria","volume":"15","author":"Ullman A.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Adv. 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