{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:36:00Z","timestamp":1792647360970,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]],"date-time":"2005-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1127260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The human pathogen <jats:italic>Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:italic> is the major causative agent of bacterial meningitis. The organism is usually treated as a strict aerobe and is cultured under fully aerobic conditions in the laboratory. We demonstrate here that although <jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic> fails to grow under strictly anaerobic conditions, under oxygen limitation the bacterium expresses a denitrification pathway (reduction of nitrite to nitrous oxide via nitric oxide) and that this pathway supplements growth. The expression of the gene <jats:italic>aniA<\/jats:italic>, which encodes nitrite reductase, is regulated by oxygen depletion and nitrite availability via transcriptional regulator FNR and two\u2010component sensor\u2010regulator NarQ\/NarP respectively. Completion of the two\u2010step denitrification pathway requires nitric oxide (NO) reduction, which proceeds after NO has accumulated during batch growth under oxygen\u2010limited conditions. During periods of NO accumulation both nitrite and NO reduction are observed aerobically, indicating <jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic> can act as an aerobic denitrifier. However, under steady\u2010state conditions in which NO is maintained at a low concentration, oxygen respiration is favoured over denitrification. NO inhibits oxidase activity in <jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic> with an apparent <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>i\u2003NO<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u2003380\u2003nM measured in intact cells. The high respiratory flux to nitrite after microaerobic growth and the finding that accumulation of the denitrification intermediate NO inhibits oxygen respiration support the view that denitrification is a pathway of major importance in <jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04866.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]],"date-time":"2005-09-21T11:56:09Z","timestamp":1127303769000},"page":"800-809","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["The pathogen <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i> requires oxygen, but supplements growth by denitrification. Nitrite, nitric oxide and oxygen control respiratory flux at genetic and metabolic levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Rock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Reda","family":"Mahnane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muna F.","family":"Anjum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan G.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W. 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